中国生态安全法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 16:13

本文选题：生态安全　切入点：生态安全评价　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 生态安全是一切安全中的“底座安全”,甚至关系到整个国家的安危存亡。目前我国生态安全问题频发,安全态势十分严峻。但由于我国生态安全的理论研究尚处于起步阶段,而我国的生态安全法律制度也存在着严重的滞后与不足。因此迫切需要进行有关生态安全立法研究,尤其是有关生态安全法律制度的研究,从而推动我国生态安全立法工作,切实维护我国的生态安全。通过运用比较研究方法、价值分析方法以及多学科交叉的方法对生态安全的概念和内涵进行深入探讨,分析了我国的生态安全问题及成因,并进一步揭示我国生态安全立法问题与成因,从而提出我国生态安全法律制度体系的价值追求、目的、指导思想、基本原则、框架,并对我国主要生态安全法律制度的构建进行了初步探讨。首先,通过对生态安全的由来、生态安全的法律定义与特征、生态安全与其它安全的关系以及生态安全与风险理论和安全科学理论的关系进行探讨来把握生态安全的概念和内涵,从而为生态安全法律制度的构建奠定概念基础。通过对我国生态安全问题及我国生态安全立法现状与缺失的深入分析,指出我国存在的七类生态安全问题及其成因,剖析目前我国生态安全立法现状和存在的五大问题,并从伦理基础、指导思想和理论基础、法律转换等层面探讨造成我国生态安全立法问题的深层原因。接着,通过对我国生态安全法律制度的价值追求、目的、指导思想以及我国生态安全法律制度应该遵循原则的深入考察,指出我国生态安全法律制度的价值追求应是以生态安全为主导,实现生态安全、社会安全二者的统一;生态安全法律制度的立法目的则直接表现为保障生态系统的安全,从而实现生态系统包括人类社会在内的可持续性发展;提出生态安全法律制度应以实现生态安全利益和社会经济利益的统一作为基本指导思想并贯彻预防和合作的思想;并指出我国生态安全法律制度体系的七个基本原则:(1)可持续发展原则;(2)公平原则;(3)持续性原则;(4)协调性原则;(5)资源价值原则;(6)公众参与原则;(7)谨慎原则。在上述指导思想和基本原则的指导下提出我国生态安全法律制度体系框架包括七个制度,并对其中四个主要的生态安全法律制度进行设计、补充、完善:(1)生态安全评价制度;(2)生态安全补偿制度;(3)生态安全特定保护区制度;(4)生态事故事件应急制度。
[Abstract]:Ecological security is the "base security" of all security, even related to the safety and death of the whole country. At present, the ecological security problems occur frequently in our country, and the security situation is very serious. However, the theoretical research on ecological security in China is still in its infancy. However, the legal system of ecological security in our country also has serious lag and deficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the research on the legislation of ecological security, especially on the legal system of ecological security, so as to promote the legislation of ecological security in our country. We will earnestly safeguard the ecological security of our country. By using comparative research method, value analysis method and multidisciplinary method, the concept and connotation of ecological security are discussed in depth, and the problems and causes of ecological security in China are analyzed. Furthermore, it reveals the legislative problems and causes of ecological security in China, and puts forward the value pursuit, purpose, guiding ideology, basic principles and framework of the legal system of ecological security in China. At the same time, the construction of the main ecological security legal system in China is discussed. First of all, through the origin of ecological security, the legal definition and characteristics of ecological security, The relationship between ecological security and other security, and the relationship between ecological security and risk theory and safety science theory are discussed to grasp the concept and connotation of ecological security. Through the deep analysis of the problems of ecological security in our country and the current situation and lack of ecological security legislation, this paper points out seven kinds of ecological security problems and their causes of formation in our country. This paper analyzes the present situation and five problems of ecological security legislation in China, and probes into the deep causes of the legislative problems of ecological security in China from the aspects of ethical basis, guiding ideology and theoretical basis, legal transformation and so on. Then, through the in-depth investigation of the value pursuit, purpose, guiding ideology and the principles of our country's ecological security legal system, It is pointed out that the value pursuit of our country's ecological security legal system should be based on ecological security, realizing the unity of ecological security and social security, while the legislative purpose of the legal system of ecological security is to guarantee the safety of ecological system. In order to realize the sustainable development of the ecosystem including human society, it is proposed that the legal system of ecological security should take the unity of ecological security interests and social and economic interests as the basic guiding ideology and carry out the idea of prevention and cooperation. It is also pointed out that the seven basic principles of the legal system of ecological security in China are: 1) Sustainable development principle 2) equity principle 3) persistence principle 5) Resource value principle 6) Public participation principle 7) caution principle. Under the guidance of guiding ideology and basic principles, it is proposed that the legal system framework of ecological security in China includes seven systems. Four of the main ecological security legal systems are designed to complement and perfect the ecological security evaluation system (1) ecological security evaluation system (2) ecological security compensation system (3) the ecological security special protection area system and (4) the ecological accident emergency system.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6

【引证文献】