我国珍稀濒危野生生物保护法律研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 17:23

本文选题：珍稀濒危野生生物 + 保护　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国是世界上野生生物资源最众多、生物多样性最丰富的国家之一。保护好这些野生生物资源对保护生物多样性、改善生态环境、维护生态平衡、推动科技进步、维护国家形象和声誉,具有十分重要的意义。但是,由于经济的发展,人类对野生生物资源利用的范围和强度不断扩大加深,使野生生物资源面临过度利用和生存环境恶化的双重压力,很多物种已经处于濒危状态。面对这种状况,人类急需采取有力的措施来保存和保护濒危生物物种。而物种的保护却是一个复杂的工程,它涉及到多方面的内容,需要运用多种手段进行调控,其中法律手段是珍稀濒危野生生物保护最为重要、最为有效的手段。虽然我国己经有了一些关于珍稀濒危野生生物保护的法律规范,并在我国的珍稀濒危野生生物保护中发挥了重要作用。但是,我国珍稀濒危野生生物保护状况并不令人满意。《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》自1988年制定以来,在保护珍稀濒危的野生动物过程中起到了不可估量的作用。但是,十几年来,面对珍稀濒危野生动物保护形势越来越严峻来看,不难发现《野生动物保护法》内容粗糙、简单过时,没有体现当今的时代需求,有许多亟待完善之处。《中华人民共和国野生植物保护条例》,是一部保护野生植物的行政法规。由于条例只是行政法规,仅仅靠野生植物保护条例来控制和管理是适应不了现在社会的发展趋势的,在实际贯彻和执行中,起不到应有的震慑作用。为此我国在珍稀濒危野生生物保护的法律对策上,应该立足国情、放眼世界,更多地学习和借鉴国内外的先进经验,制定一套完善又适合中国国情的法律法规体系。针对这些问题,笔者建议对于珍稀濒危野生生物资源的保护,应尽快由全国人民代表大会制定一部《珍稀濒危野生生物保护法》,将其置于该领域各单行法律、法规之上,专门管理珍稀濒危野生生物资源。这样可以从根本上解决珍稀濒危野生生物保护法律、法规体系的混乱,更有利于珍稀濒危野生生物的保护。濒危野生生物保护法通过调整社会关系,来达到协调保护与利用关系的目的,从而实现对于濒危野生生物资源的可持续利用。这种社会关系包括人们在从事珍稀濒危野生生物管理、保护、开发、利用濒危资源过程中形成的。该法应以可持续发展理念为指导,以法律形式明确规定珍稀濒危野生生物保护的目的、基本原则、基本制度,明确各级、各行业机构权限及管理分工、管理程序,加大对违法者的制裁。此外,还应强化对公众参与的法律地位和相应权利义务的规定。
[Abstract]:China is one of the most abundant wildlife resources and biodiversity in the world.It is very important to protect these wildlife resources to protect biodiversity, improve ecological environment, maintain ecological balance, promote the progress of science and technology, and maintain the image and reputation of the country.However, due to the development of economy, the range and intensity of human utilization of wildlife resources are expanding and deepening, which makes wildlife resources face the double pressure of over-utilization and deterioration of living environment. Many species have been in endangered state.Faced with this situation, human beings urgently need to take effective measures to conserve and protect endangered species.However, the protection of species is a complex project, which involves many aspects and needs to be regulated by various means, among which the legal means are the most important and effective means for the protection of rare and endangered wildlife.Although our country already has some laws and regulations on the protection of rare and endangered wildlife, it has played an important role in the protection of rare and endangered wildlife in our country.However, the status of protection of rare and endangered wildlife in China is not satisfactory. The Wildlife Protection Law of the people's Republic of China has played an inestimable role in the process of protecting rare and endangered wildlife since it was formulated in 1988.However, in the face of the increasingly serious situation of the protection of rare and endangered wildlife over the past decade, it is not difficult to find that the content of the Wildlife Protection Law is crude, simple and outdated, and does not reflect the needs of the times today.The regulations of the people's Republic of China on the Protection of Wild plants is an administrative law for the protection of wild plants.Because the regulations are only administrative laws and regulations, only relying on the wildlife protection regulations to control and manage can not adapt to the current trend of social development, and in the actual implementation and implementation, it can not play its due role as a deterrent.Therefore, on the legal countermeasures of the protection of rare and endangered wildlife in China, we should base ourselves on the national conditions, look around the world, learn more from the advanced experience at home and abroad, and formulate a set of laws and regulations that are perfect and suitable for the national conditions of China.In view of these problems, the author suggests that for the protection of rare and endangered wildlife resources, the National people's Congress should formulate a "Law on the Protection of rare and Endangered Wildlife" as soon as possible, and put it above the separate laws and regulations in this field.Special management of rare and endangered wildlife resources.In this way, we can fundamentally solve the confusion of laws and regulations on the protection of rare and endangered wildlife, which is beneficial to the protection of rare and endangered wildlife.The Endangered Wildlife Protection Law adjusts social relations to achieve the purpose of coordinating the protection and utilization of endangered wildlife resources, thus realizing the sustainable utilization of endangered wildlife resources.This social relationship includes people engaged in rare and endangered wildlife management, protection, development, utilization of endangered resources.This law should be guided by the concept of sustainable development, and clearly stipulate the purpose, basic principles, basic system, authority, division of labor and management procedures for the protection of rare and endangered wildlife in the form of laws.Increase sanctions against violators.In addition, the legal status of public participation and the corresponding rights and obligations should be strengthened.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.68

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