我国野生动物资源物权制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 23:30

本文选题：野生动物资源 + 野生动物资源物权　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：野生动物资源既是人类宝贵的自然财富,也是人类生存环境中不可或缺的重要组成部分。社会主义市场经济条件下,若要实现可持续发展,对野生动物保护事业而言,仅仅有以野生动物资源行政管理为主导的政府“管理之法”是远远不够的,因为野生动物资源的保护和利用需要政府和市场功能的整合和互补。而作为社会主义市场经济基本法的物权法,面对要解决野生动物资源保护和利用的问题则责无旁贷。本文分为五个部分。第一部分“野生动物资源物权之基本原理”,着重阐述了野生动物的概念、野生动物资源的概念和野生动物资源物权的概念及其法律属性和法律构造。首先阐述野生动物的概念和作为“特殊物”的法律地位,其次阐述野生动物资源的概念和特征,以与野生动物相区别,再次阐述了野生动物资源的“物”之属性,此乃本部分的重点,并提出修正传统“物之特定性”理论的观点。最后分析了野生动物资源物权的本质和法律构造。第二部分“我国野生动物资源物权制度之检讨”,运用实证主义的方法检讨我国现行野生动物资源物权制度,包括野生动物资源的法律地位、野生动物资源所有权制度和野生动物资源占用权制度,并从“整体论”、“系统论”和“生态化”的视角对其进行评析,探寻有待重构之处。第三部分“国外、境外关于野生动物资源物权立法的比较与借鉴”,主要从野生动物资源的保护范围、野生动物资源的法律地位、野生动物资源所有权和野生动物资源占用权等方面对美国、俄罗斯、德国、日本、荷兰、奥地利、瑞士、澳大利亚、罗马尼亚、蒙古、匈牙利、泰国、魁北克、台湾以及澳门等国家和地区的民事立法和环境立法进行归纳和比较,重点探讨对我国野生动物资源物权制度完善的可资借鉴之处。第四部分“我国野生动物资源物权制度之重构”,笔者拟从立法理念之生态化、传统物权理论之变革、立法技术之完善、野生动物资源所有权以及野生动物资源占用权之建立等方面对我国野生动物资源物权制度进行重构。首先,阐述了物权理念之生态化的内容包括尊重生态价值、平衡环境利益、坚持可持续发展,并分析了实现生态化物权理念应当选择的路径。其次,在生态化的物权理念之下,建议变革传统物权理论,以物权二元结构论为理论基础,创建野生动物资源占用权。接着,在立法技术方面,建议赋予野生动物资源“特殊物”的法律地位和明确界定并扩大野生动物资源的物权保护范围。再次,对我国野生动物资源所有权制度在体系、取得方式、行使及其限制等方面进行重构。最后,创造性地建立我国野生动物资源占用权制度,详尽地论述了野生动物资源占用权的主体、客体、内容、取得和转让以及消灭等内容。
[Abstract]:Wildlife resources are not only the precious natural wealth of human beings, but also an indispensable part of human living environment. Under the condition of socialist market economy, if we want to realize the sustainable development, it is far from enough for wildlife protection to have only the government "law of management", which is dominated by the administration of wildlife resources. Because the protection and utilization of wildlife resources need the integration and complementation of government and market functions. As the basic law of socialist market economy, the property law is duty-bound to solve the problem of wildlife resources protection and utilization. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part, "the basic principle of the property right of wildlife resources", focuses on the concept of wildlife, the concept of wildlife resources, the concept of real right of wildlife resources and its legal attributes and legal structure. First, the concept of wildlife and its legal status as a "special object" are expounded. Secondly, the concept and characteristics of wildlife resources are expounded to distinguish them from those of wild animals, and then the attributes of "objects" of wildlife resources are expounded. This is the focus of this part, and the point of view of revising the traditional theory of "the specificity of things" is put forward. Finally, it analyzes the nature and legal structure of the real right of wildlife resources. The second part "the review of the real right system of wildlife resources in our country", using the positivism method to review the real right system of the wildlife resources in our country, including the legal status of the wild animal resources. The ownership system of wildlife resources and the system of occupying right of wildlife resources are analyzed from the perspectives of "holism", "system theory" and "ecology" to explore the place to be reconstructed. The third part, "comparison and reference of foreign legislation on wildlife resources property right", mainly from the scope of protection of wildlife resources, the legal status of wildlife resources, For the United States, Russia, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland, Australia, Romania, Mongolia, Hungary, Thailand, Quebec, the United States, Russia, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland, Australia, Romania, Mongolia, Hungary, Thailand, Quebec, The civil legislation and environmental legislation of Taiwan and Macao are summarized and compared, and the reference to the perfection of the real right system of wildlife resources in China is discussed. In the fourth part, "the reconstruction of the real right system of wildlife resources in China", the author intends to make the legislative idea ecologicalization, the change of the traditional real right theory and the perfection of the legislative technology. This paper reconstructs the real right system of wildlife resources in China from the aspects of the ownership of wildlife resources and the establishment of the right to occupy wildlife resources. First of all, the ecological content of the concept of real right includes respecting ecological value, balancing environmental interests, insisting on sustainable development, and analyzing the path that should be chosen to realize the idea of ecological real right. Secondly, under the idea of ecological real right, it is suggested that the traditional theory of real right should be changed, and the theory of dual structure of real right should be taken as the theoretical basis to establish the right to occupy wildlife resources. Then, in the aspect of legislative technology, it is suggested that the legal status of "special objects" of wildlife resources and the scope of real right protection of wildlife resources should be clearly defined and expanded. Thirdly, the ownership system of wildlife resources in China is reconstructed in the aspects of system, way of acquisition, exercise and restriction. Finally, the author creatively establishes the system of the right to occupy wildlife resources in China, and discusses in detail the subject, object, content, acquisition and transfer, and elimination of the right to occupy wildlife resources.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.2;D922.68

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