低碳经济立法研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 02:18

本文选题：低碳经济 + 立法　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：全球气候变化引起的温室效应对全球经济和生态安全的威胁促使各国转型于低碳排放、低能源资源消耗、低污染的经济发展模式。低碳经济实质上是通过减缓温室效应的发生以促进经济持续发展,以实现经济发展与环境社会效益相互平衡的协调发展状态。哥本哈根气候大会使气候问题倍受关注,世界发达国家均对现代工业发展所引起的气候变化——温室效应所带来的严重后果从国家层面进行应对。中国是世界温室气体排放大国,逐步降低排放、发展低碳经济是必然的选择。从发达国家低碳经济理论与实践发展来看,我国低碳经济相关实践与法律仍处于探索阶段。然而由于低碳经济的公共特性,市场调控容易失灵,容易产生政府调控下的负外部性等问题。在促进低碳经济发展的同时,必须加强低碳经济立法,抑制市场失灵和负外部性等问题对发展低碳经济带来的负面效应。本文通过对低碳经济的内涵界定和国际社会应对全球气候变化措施的分析,以及世界发达国家在全球气候变化前提下发展低碳经济的立法情况进行比较,提出在我国经济发展中应立法构建我国低碳经济法律体系,建立配套的法律制度。本文拟从以下几个部分对其进行研究探讨。第一部分是低碳经济立法基本理论分析。对于低碳经济来说,以社会本位为出发点的价值理念的实现,有赖于低碳经济法律保障制度的建立和发展。剖析低碳经济的内涵,明确低碳经济与循环经济的异同,有助于厘清对两者的误解,更好的推动两者的协同发展,实现经济社会全面的可持续发展,有利于相关法律制度的构建。同时低碳经济的公共特性,也使得政府对经济的调控显得更为迫切,客观上需要制定与之对应的低碳经济法律法规,以此来消除或抑制、减少外部性带来的负面效应。从政府干预经济的角度论述了加强我国低碳经济立法的理论基础。第二部分采用实证分析的方法介绍了规制全球性气候变化的国际公约和世界各国的立法措施。通过分析英美德日等国的立法实践及其特征,指出国际立法实践对我国的低碳经济立法的启示作用和借鉴意义。第三部分阐述了我国低碳经济发展的立法现状。面对世界性的低碳发展,我国政府在国家的发展战略中突出了低碳经济的重要位置,政府也明确了在推动低碳经济发展中应承担的义务。与外国经济发达国家相比较,我国相关立法阙如,仍存在诸多问题。通过分析我国低碳经济立法中存在的问题,指出在未来的国家立法中应借鉴西方发达国家的立法经验,并结合我国的实际情况制定低碳经济法律法规,构建相关配套法律制度。第四部分从立法的角度对构建低碳经济法律制度提出建议,借鉴并结合我国实际情况,采用适当的立法模式,适时制定《低碳经济促进法》等法律,并着重就碳税、排放权交易、碳金融等制度进行论述。提出借鉴西方国家的经验并结合我国实际构建这些促进经济低碳发展的制度的设想。
[Abstract]:The global economic and ecological security threats caused by global climate change threaten to transform countries into low - carbon emissions , low - energy resource consumption and low - pollution modes of economic development . The low - carbon economy is in essence by slowing the occurrence of greenhouse effects in order to achieve a balanced development of economic development and environmental social benefits .

In the light of the low - carbon economy theory and practice development in developed countries , China ' s low - carbon economy - related practice and law are still in the exploration stage . However , because of the public characteristics of low - carbon economy , market regulation is easy to fail , it is easy to generate the negative external nature of government regulation . At the same time , it is necessary to strengthen the low - carbon economic legislation , restrain market failure and negative external sex , and to develop the negative effect of low - carbon economy .

By comparing the definition of low - carbon economy and the analysis of international community ' s response to global climate change , and comparing the legislation of developing low - carbon economy under the precondition of global climate change , this paper puts forward that legislation should be set up in our country ' s economic development .

The first part is the basic theoretical analysis of the low - carbon economy legislation . For the low - carbon economy , the realization of the value idea based on the social standard depends on the establishment and development of the low - carbon economy legal safeguard system . It is helpful to clarify the connotation of the low - carbon economy , clear the similarities and differences between the low - carbon economy and the circular economy , and help to clarify the negative effects of low - carbon economy .

The second part introduces the international conventions on global climate change and the legislative measures of the world ' s countries by means of empirical analysis . By analyzing the legislative practice and the characteristics of Anglo - American countries , the author points out that the international legislation practice has an inspiration to China ' s low - carbon economic legislation .

In the third part , the current situation of China ' s low - carbon economic development is described . In the face of the world ' s low - carbon development , our government has highlighted the important position of low - carbon economy in the country ' s development strategy .

The fourth part , from the angle of legislation , puts forward some suggestions on the construction of low - carbon economic legal system , draws lessons from and combines with the actual situation of our country , adopts the appropriate legislation mode , develops the legislation of promoting the low - carbon economic promotion law , and discusses the carbon tax , the trading of emission right and the carbon finance , and puts forward the idea of drawing on the experience of western countries and building these systems for promoting the low - carbon development of the economy .

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.29;D922.68

【引证文献】