论我国建设项目环评文件的审批

发布时间：2018-05-09 17:24

本文选题：环评文件审批 + 政府职能　；参考：《上海交通大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文首先阐述了环境影响评价制度的起源和发展,分析了环境影响评价制度的功能和作用机制,并对环境影响评价文件两种审批类型做了归纳和比较。在对我国建设项目环境影响评价制度和实施效果做详尽分析的基础上,本文提出了环评审批有效性不高的原因在于政府在现有财税分权和行政任命制的制度背景下追求经济发展而干预环评制度实施的客观必然性,部门职能单一化、部门利益和利益集团的影响造成了经济管理部门追求经济发展使环评初审制度得不到落实,环境保护主管部门由于受制地方政府和法律规定的缺陷而不能实现其监督和制衡的功能,以及现有法律法规不能保障公众参与审批程序使得环评制度通过公众参与实现监督的功能得不到实现。最后,在分析问题和原因的基础上,文章提出了相应的法律和制度应对。首先在现有财税分权的模式下加大中央对地方财政特别是环保投入的支出,并通过制度借鉴和创新把环境保护的目标和中央的转移支付挂钩、完善人事考核制度的方式扭转地方政府只专注经济发展的冲动。其次,统一政府部门的环保职能和加强部门之间的配合实现经济管理部门对环评的重视。再次,加强环保部门对经济管理部门的监督。最后,通过促进信息公开落实环评文件审批阶段的公众参与。
[Abstract]:This paper first describes the origin and development of the EIA system, analyzes the function and mechanism of the EIA system, and summarizes and compares the two kinds of approval types of the EIA document. On the basis of detailed analysis of environmental impact assessment system and implementation effect of construction projects in China, This paper points out that the reason why the effectiveness of EIA examination and approval is not high is that the government pursues economic development under the background of the existing fiscal and taxation decentralization and administrative appointment system and interferes with the implementation of the EIA system. The sectoral interests and the influence of interest groups have caused the economic management departments to pursue economic development so that the system of first instance of environmental impact assessment has not been implemented. The competent environmental protection authorities are unable to achieve their functions of supervision and checks and balances due to the limitations of local governments and laws. And the existing laws and regulations can not guarantee the public participation in the examination and approval process so that the environmental assessment system through public participation to achieve the function of supervision can not be realized. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the problems and causes, the article puts forward the corresponding legal and institutional countermeasures. First of all, under the model of fiscal and tax decentralization, the central government should increase the expenditure on local finance, especially environmental protection, and link the goal of environmental protection with the transfer payment of the central government through institutional reference and innovation. Improve the personnel assessment system to reverse the impulse of local governments to focus only on economic development. Secondly, the environmental protection function of government departments should be unified and the coordination between departments should be strengthened. Thirdly, strengthen the supervision of the environmental protection department to the economic management department. Finally, the public participation in the examination and approval stage of EIA documents is implemented by promoting information publicity.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6

【相似文献】