论环境法中的公众参与原则

发布时间：2018-05-26 02:50

本文选题：公众参与 + 环境权　；参考：《山东大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 公众参与原则是环境法的一项基本原则,是指在自然环境资源保护领域,公民有权参与并平等地进行环境立法、决策、执法、司法等与环境权益相关的一切活动。公众参与原则是环境民主、环境法治以及环境正义等环境基本价值的具体体现,对于监督政府守法、保障环境法的良好实施以及推进环境保护活动的发展等方面具有重要意义。从20世纪70年代开始,公众参与环境保护已经成为西方许多国家环境法中的一项重要制度。例如美国20世纪70年代颁布的《清洁空气法》、《清洁水法》等法律中对公众参与制度做出了详细的规定。在国际环境立法方面,1992年联合国环境与发展大会通过的《里约宣言》明确规定：“环境问题最好是在全体市民的参与下,在有关级别上加以处理。每一个人应当能适当地获得公共当局所持有的关于环境的资料,包括在其社区内的危险物质和活动的资料,并应有机会参与各项决策进程,各国应通过广泛提供资料来便利及鼓励公众的认识和参与。” 公众参与原则也是我国环境法的基本原则。国务院1996年8月公布的《国务院关于环境保护若干问题的决定》强调：“建立公众参与机制,发挥民间社团的作用,鼓励公众参与环境保护工作,检举和揭发各种违反环境保护法律法规的行为。”此规定表明了中国政府对公众参与环境保护的态度和政策。公众参与作为一种具体的法律要求首次出现在1998年的国务院颁布的《建设项目环境保护管理办法》,在2002年10月28日通过的《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》中得到进一步的明确。2006年2月14日,国家环保总局发布了《环境影响评价公众参与暂行办法》,使得公众参与原则的实施更有法律保障。全文分为五个部分,第一章是对环境保护公众参与原则的理论基础。第二章介绍公众参与原则的法律价值体现。第三章在于介绍公众参与原则在环境保护法律中的体现。第四章论述我国环境法律中有关于公众参与原则的规定及其不足之处。第五章主要是论述对完善我国环境法中的公众参与原则的措施。
[Abstract]:The principle of public participation is a basic principle of environmental law, which means that in the field of natural environment resources protection, citizens have the right to participate in and carry out all activities related to environmental rights and interests such as environmental legislation, decision-making, law enforcement, justice and so on. The principle of public participation is the embodiment of environmental democracy, environmental rule of law and environmental justice. It is of great significance in supervising the government to abide by the law, ensuring the good implementation of environmental law and promoting the development of environmental protection activities. Since 1970s, public participation in environmental protection has become an important system in many western countries. For example, the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act enacted in the 1970s in the United States make detailed provisions on the system of public participation. With regard to international environmental legislation, the Rio Declaration, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992, clearly states: "Environmental issues are best dealt with at the relevant level with the participation of all citizens." Everyone should have appropriate access to information on the environment held by public authorities, including information on hazardous substances and activities within their communities, and should have the opportunity to participate in decision-making processes, States shall facilitate and encourage public awareness and participation by making information widely available. " The principle of public participation is also the basic principle of environmental law in China. The State Council's decision on certain issues of Environmental Protection, promulgated by the State Council in August 1996, emphasizes: "establish a mechanism for public participation, give play to the role of civil society, and encourage public participation in environmental protection," To report and expose all kinds of violations of environmental protection laws and regulations. " This regulation indicates the Chinese government's attitude and policy towards public participation in environmental protection. Public participation, as a specific legal requirement, first appeared in the "measures for the Management of Environmental Protection of Construction projects" promulgated by the State Council in 1998, in the Environmental impact Assessment Law of the people's Republic of China, adopted on October 28, 2002. Further clarification. On 14 February 2006, The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) has issued the interim measures for Public participation in Environmental impact Assessment (EIA), which makes the implementation of the principle of public participation more legally guaranteed. The first chapter is the theoretical basis of the principle of public participation in environmental protection. The second chapter introduces the legal value of the principle of public participation. The third chapter is to introduce the principle of public participation in the law of environmental protection. The fourth chapter discusses the principle of public participation and its shortcomings in environmental law of our country. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the measures to perfect the principle of public participation in environmental law of our country.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D912.6

【引证文献】