自然保护区环境法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 04:16

本文选题：自然保护区 + 法律规范　；参考：《中央民族大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 伴随着自然保护区事业的开展,自然保护区法制建设作为我国环境资源保护法律的重要组成部分在不断地发展完善。我国先后颁布和实施了大量与自然保护区相关的法律、法规,使自然保护区的建设、保护和管理等方面取得了令世人瞩目的成就。近年来,我国自然保护区得到了快速发展,形成了布局较为合理、类型较为齐全的自然保护区体系。但是,我国自然保护区的法律体系还不健全,一些重要的法律制度尚未建立,立法思路和理念稍显落后,已经难以适应新形势的要求。因此,构筑适合我国国情的自然保护区法律体系,完善自然保护区的法律保护和管理制度,是自然保护区法律建设的当务之急。本文从自然保护区概念及我国自然保护区法律体系的发展现状着手,对我国现行自然保护区法律体系进行介绍及评价,同时通过借鉴国外关于自然保护区立法和管理的先进经验和发展趋势,提出了完善自然保护区法律制度的建议。具体来说,全文共分为四个部分:第一部分是自然保护区环境法律制度的概述,对自然保护区的定义、我国自然保护区法律制度的发展及意义进行介绍;第二部分评析国外自然保护区的法律保护概况及其对我国立法的启示;第三部分介绍我国自然保护区立法和管理的现状及存在的缺陷;第四部分结合存在的问题,提出完善我国自然保护区环境法律制度的具体建议。目前我国自然保护区法律体系不完善,立法理念落后,立法位阶低,规范之间存在冲突。为了给自然保护区工作的开展提供有力的依据,建议贯彻可持续发展、优先保护、协同合作等新理念,通过制定综合性立法及修改、制定相关法律规定从而形成一个综合、完整的先进法律体系。另外,由于现行的保护机制和管理制度落后、资金保障机制不到位,公众参与和经济补偿制度不健全、法律责任较轻,导致自然保护区应有的管理和保护失去了作用。因此,根据自然保护区的实际需要,建议建立新型保护机制,健全自然保护区管理机构;健全和完善管理制度,如资金保障及公众参与制度等,加强政府投入及保护区自身创收能力,提高公众参与环保的效率,实现保护与经济发展的双赢;最后应当加强法律责任制度的建设,有效打击破坏自然保护区建设的行为,从而更好的发挥自然保护区的作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of nature reserves, the legal construction of nature reserves as an important part of environmental and resource protection laws in China is constantly developing and improving. China has promulgated and implemented a large number of laws and regulations related to nature reserves, which has made great achievements in the construction, protection and management of nature reserves. In recent years, the nature reserves in our country have been developed rapidly, and the system of nature reserves with reasonable distribution and complete types has been formed. However, the legal system of nature reserves in China is not perfect, some important legal systems have not been established, legislative ideas and ideas are slightly backward, and it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the new situation. Therefore, it is an urgent task for the legal construction of nature reserves to construct a legal system suitable for the national conditions of our country and to perfect the legal protection and management system of nature reserves. Based on the concept of nature reserve and the present situation of the legal system of nature reserve in China, this paper introduces and evaluates the present legal system of nature reserve in China. At the same time, some suggestions on perfecting the legal system of nature reserves are put forward by reference to the advanced experience and development trend of the legislation and management of nature reserves in foreign countries. Specifically, the paper is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of the environmental legal system of nature reserves, the definition of nature reserves, the development and significance of the legal system of nature reserves in China; The second part analyzes the general situation of legal protection of foreign nature reserves and its enlightenment to our legislation; the third part introduces the current situation and defects of legislation and management of nature reserves in China; the fourth part combines the existing problems. Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the environmental legal system of nature reserves in China. At present, the legal system of nature reserves in China is not perfect, the legislation idea is backward, the legislative rank is low, and there are conflicts between norms. In order to provide a strong basis for the development of nature reserve work, it is suggested to implement the new concepts of sustainable development, priority protection, cooperative cooperation, and to formulate comprehensive laws and regulations to form a comprehensive system through the formulation of comprehensive legislation and amendments. A complete advanced legal system. In addition, the existing protection mechanism and management system is backward, the fund guarantee mechanism is not in place, the public participation and economic compensation system is not perfect, and the legal responsibility is lighter, which leads to the loss of the function of the management and protection of nature reserves. Therefore, according to the actual needs of nature reserves, it is suggested to establish new protection mechanisms, improve management institutions of nature reserves, improve and improve management systems, such as financial security and public participation system, etc. We should strengthen the government input and the ability of the reserve to generate income, improve the efficiency of public participation in environmental protection, and realize the win-win situation between protection and economic development. Finally, we should strengthen the construction of legal liability system and effectively crack down on the behavior of destroying the construction of nature reserves. In order to better play the role of nature reserves.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.68

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