我国政府绿色采购法律制度问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 21:12

本文选题：政府绿色采购 + 环境保护　；参考：《山东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：政府绿色采购是指政府在采购中对那些符合国家绿色认证标准的产品和服务，因其特别注重对环境的保护和影响，因此在采购时对这些绿色产品进行优先选择的行为。政府绿色采购体现了政府在其采购活动中的“理性人”角色中承担着追求采购经济效益、环境效益和社会效益“三位一体”的职责，是政府在购买和消费的过程中重视和保护生态环境和生态平衡的体现。政府绿色采购引导绿色消费潮流，坚持可持续消费之路，要求采购活动的实施要符合环境标准，采购的产品和服务要符合对生态环境的影响减少到最低程度的要求。西方国家的政府采购制度起步较早，经过几十年的不断发展，西方发达国家政府绿色采购制度体系已经基本完善，大都发展成为完善的体系。而我国的绿色采购制度才刚刚开始，对于绿色采购制度的规定大都散见在一般法的部分条文和部分规章中，还没有形成完善的体系。我国要在结合自身国情和采购理论以及采购实践的基础上，研究我国政府采购法律制度的现状，进一步提出改革意见并借鉴、吸收国外有益的采购制度，从而在经济转型的过程中树立一个良好的宏观方向指引，更好地促进我国消费观念的转变以及绿色经济的发展。论文以绿色采购为研究视野，在法律主要是环境法体系的视野下提出我国政府绿色采购法律制度完善的建议，在当前反对浪费、厉行节约的国家大环境下，推进我国政府绿色采购法律制度的研究，通过法律来进一步规制政府采购的透明性、节俭行、规范性、合法性，进而实现我国政府绿色采购法律制度的有机整合和整体性完善。论文共分以下四大部分进行论述：第一部分是政府绿色采购基本问题的研究。本部分对政府绿色采购的概念和特征进行阐述，同时探讨了政府绿色采购的经济学基础和法学基础，，并对绿色采购制度进行了解析。第二部分在分析了发达国家政府绿色采购法律制度的实践基础之后，对发达国家的绿色采购法律制度进行了综合性评价，同时从发达国家绿色采购法律制度的理念、立法、监管等层面概括总结了它们的共同特征。第三部分剖析了我国现有政府绿色采购法律制度的立法理念，分析了我国政府绿色采购法律制度的发展历程，总结了我国现有法律制度的现状与缺陷。第四部分以前面的政府绿色采购基本问题、国外发展现状、国内现状及其缺陷的分析论述为基础，提出了政府绿色采购法律制度完善的构想。这部分既是论文的重点也是论文的难点所在。该部分从政府绿色采购的立法完善、采购清单及采购标准的统一、内外监管的结合、绿色采购绩效评以及权力救济程序的完善等几个方面提出了改革与完善的意见，从而进一步推动我国政府绿色采购的实施。
[Abstract]:Government green procurement refers to the government's products and services that meet the national green certification standards in procurement. Because of their special emphasis on the protection and impact of the environment, the government gives priority to these green products during the purchase. The government green procurement embodies the government's "rational" role in the procurement activities. The responsibility of pursuing the "Trinity" of purchasing economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits is the embodiment of the government's emphasis on and protection of the ecological environment and ecological balance during the process of buying and consuming. The product and service of the procurement should meet the requirement of reducing the impact on the ecological environment to the minimum. The government procurement system in western countries started earlier, after several decades of continuous development, the green procurement system system of the western developed countries has been basically perfected and mostly developed into a perfect system. At the beginning, the rules of the green procurement system are mostly scattered in parts of the general law and part of the rules and regulations, and there is no perfect system. On the basis of its own national conditions, purchasing theory and procurement practice, we should study the status of the legal system of government procurement in our country, and further put forward the Reform Opinions and draw lessons from it. In the process of economic transformation, we should set up a good macro direction in the process of economic transformation, and better promote the transformation of our consumption concept and the development of green economy.
The paper takes green purchase as the research field of vision, and puts forward the suggestion of the perfect legal system of green purchasing of our government under the view of law mainly environmental law system. Under the current state of the country against waste and strict economy, the study of the legal system of green procurement of our government is promoted and the transparency of government procurement is further regulated through the law. Sex, frugality, standardization, legitimacy, and then realize the organic integration and integrity of the green procurement legal system of our government. The thesis is divided into the following four parts:
The first part is the research on the basic problems of government green procurement. This part expounds the concept and characteristics of the government green procurement. At the same time, it discusses the economic basis and legal basis of the government green procurement, and analyzes the green procurement system.
The second part, after analyzing the practice foundation of the green procurement legal system in the developed countries, makes a comprehensive evaluation on the green procurement legal system of the developed countries, and summarizes their common characteristics from the concept, legislation and supervision of the green procurement legal system in developed countries.
The third part analyzes the legislative idea of the existing government green procurement legal system in our country, analyzes the development course of the green procurement legal system of our government, and summarizes the present situation and defects of the existing legal system in our country.
The fourth part, based on the basic problems of green procurement in front of the government, the present situation of foreign development and the analysis and discussion of the domestic status and defects, puts forward the conception of the perfection of the government green procurement legal system. This part is not only the focus of the paper but also the difficulty of the paper. This part is the perfection of the legislation of the government green procurement, the purchase list and the purchase list. The unification of purchasing standards, the combination of internal and external supervision, the performance evaluation of green procurement and the perfection of the power relief procedures have been put forward, which will further promote the implementation of green procurement in our government.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.68;D922.2

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