我国水污染侵权民事救济制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 21:48

本文选题：环境权 + 水污染侵权　；参考：《南昌大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济和社会的发展,工业化水平不断提高,水污染现象日益严重,由此引发的侵权纠纷及环境破坏已成为我国的一大社会问题。作为一种特殊的侵权行为,现行的水污染侵权民事救济制度与司法实践已严重落后于时代,难以保障受害人的权益得到充分的救济,水污染导致的生态损害的赔偿与补偿更难以实现。检讨我国水污染侵权民事救济制度,存在立法笼统不完善和责任制度、程序性保障、社会化补偿、损害评估制度不健全等方面的不足。基于我国国情,借鉴发达国家的有益经验,我国应当完善水污染侵权民事救济制度,主要途径是确立公民环境权、设立专门立法、健全损害赔偿制度和评估体系,构建社会化补偿机制,探索建立环境公益民事诉讼制度,建立流域司法管辖机制及环保法庭,完善诉讼当事人、诉讼时效等程序性保障制度,发展污染司法鉴定机构,建立有利于污染证据调取的环境信息公开制度,等等。专门立法是前提,其它相关制度的完善应当在该部法律中予以系统规定以统一指导司法实践。这部法律将采取民事与行政衔接、实体与程序一体化规定的立法模式。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's economy and society, the level of industrialization is increasing, and the phenomenon of water pollution is becoming more and more serious. The tort dispute and environmental damage caused by it have become a major social problem in our country. As a special tort, the current civil relief system and judicial practice of water pollution tort have lagged behind the times, and it is difficult to protect the rights and interests of the victims to get adequate relief. Compensation and compensation for ecological damage caused by water pollution are more difficult to achieve. To review the civil relief system of water pollution tort in our country, there are some shortcomings such as imperfect legislation and responsibility system, procedural protection, socialized compensation, imperfect damage assessment system and so on. Based on the situation of our country and the beneficial experience of developed countries, our country should perfect the civil relief system of water pollution tort, the main way is to establish citizen's environmental right, to establish special legislation, to perfect the system of compensation for damages and the evaluation system. To construct the social compensation mechanism, to explore the establishment of the environmental public welfare civil litigation system, to establish the watershed judicial jurisdiction mechanism and the environmental protection court, to perfect the procedural safeguard system such as litigant, limitation of action and so on, and to develop the pollution judicial appraisal institution. To establish an environmental information disclosure system conducive to the collection of pollution evidence, and so on. Special legislation is a prerequisite, and the perfection of other relevant systems should be systematically stipulated in the Ministry's laws to guide judicial practice. This law will adopt the legislative model of civil and administrative convergence, entity and procedure integration.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D923;D922.6

【参考文献】