香港汽车尾气污染法律控制体系及其借鉴

发布时间：2018-06-29 07:47

本文选题：尾气污染 + 法律控制　；参考：《山东科技大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车在给人们带来极大交通便利的同时,也对人体和大气环境造成了严重的危害。在我国大陆,由于汽车保有量及需求量增长迅速,而目前的排放法规对汽车尾气排放要求相对宽松,汽车整体性能和路况又相对较差,加之我们的执法部门执法能力较低,所以造成了汽车尾气污染严重的局面。尽管我国香港特别行政区在其发展过程中也曾有过汽车尾气污染严重的阶段,但其通过建立完善的法律控制体系,实施有效的控制措施,目前已经取得了显著成效。香港汽车尾气污染法律控制体系整体运行的有效性,离不开香港所拥有的一个高效的环境保护法律体系,这一体系以多部门共同参与、垂直管理和社会监督配合作为主要的内容,并以行政主导、依法行政和政企合作作为基本原则。具体到香港汽车尾气污染法律控制体系而言,它的主要内容包括作为核心和依据的相关法律条款、多样化的执法措施和有效的经济刺激手段。在环境立法、环境执法和司法救济三个层面,大陆现有的污染控制体系都极不完善。因此,从法律监管、交通管理、税收改革和公民环保意识培养四个方面对香港先进做法进行功能性借鉴,对于大陆减少尾气污染,建设环境友好型社会具有十分显著的意义。
[Abstract]:Automobile not only brings great traffic convenience to people, but also causes serious harm to human body and atmospheric environment. In mainland China, due to the rapid growth of vehicle ownership and demand, the current emission regulations have relatively loose requirements on vehicle exhaust emissions, and the overall performance and road conditions of the vehicles are relatively poor. In addition, our law enforcement departments have a relatively low ability to enforce the law. As a result, car exhaust pollution is serious. Although the Hong Kong Special Administrative region of China has had a serious stage of automobile exhaust pollution in its development process, it has achieved remarkable results by establishing a perfect legal control system and implementing effective control measures. The effectiveness of the overall operation of the legal control system for automobile exhaust pollution in Hong Kong is inseparable from the highly efficient legal system of environmental protection in Hong Kong, which is jointly participated by various departments. The cooperation of vertical management and social supervision is the main content, with the administrative leading, the administration according to law and the cooperation between government and enterprise as the basic principle. As for the legal control system of automobile exhaust pollution in Hong Kong, its main contents include relevant legal provisions as the core and basis, diversified enforcement measures and effective economic incentives. In the three levels of environmental legislation, environmental law enforcement and judicial relief, the existing pollution control system in mainland China is very imperfect. Therefore, it is of great significance for the mainland to reduce tail gas pollution and build an environment-friendly society from the four aspects of legal supervision, traffic management, tax reform and the cultivation of citizens' environmental awareness.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

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