云南省植物遗传资源法律保护研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 02:07

本文选题：植物遗传资源 + 法律制度　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 植物遗传资源是一项珍贵的、不可替代的自然资源,在维护生态平衡、促进经济发展、满足人们日益增长的物质和文化需求、发展对外关系等方面发挥着重要作用。植物遗传资源是生物科学研究的重要基础,是人类生存和社会经济可持续发展的战略性资源,“一个物种就能影响一个国家的经济”,“一个基因关系到一个国家的盛衰”。我国是世界上植物遗传资源最丰富的国家之一,因此是发达国家掠取植物遗传资源的重要地区,而云南省又是植物遗传资源保护的重中之重。云南省是全国植物种类最多的省份,素有“植物王国”的美誉,几乎集中了从热带、亚热带至温带甚至寒带的所有品种。云南拥有丰富的植物物种多样性的同时也就蕴藏了大量珍贵的遗传基因多样性。然而,云南的植物遗传资源现状却不容乐观:云南大量的森林资源被人为破坏,极危植物物种和濒危植物物种比例不断加大,大量经济性野生植物被过度采集,许多植物遗传资源流失到国外。因此,加强云南植物遗传资源的保护迫在眉睫。我国植物遗传资源保护的法律还不健全,目前还没有植物遗传资源保护专项法律,与发达国家还存在较大距离。云南省在我国已有法律基础上制定了一些地方性法规来保护植物遗传资源,但大都比较分散,缺乏综合性,在遗传资源取得和惠益分享的法律制度上基本是空白的;在管理体制上,没有综合管理机构,政出多头,各部门缺乏有机配合,缺乏有效制约机制。本文从云南省省情出发,调查分析了云南省植物遗传资源的现状及其出现危机的原因,在对比借鉴国外立法和分析我国立法的基础上,着重分析云南省植物遗传资源保护立法的现状和存在的问题,并结合云南地方特色,提出对云南省植物遗传资源保护的法律制度完善的具体构想。
[Abstract]:Plant genetic resources is a valuable and irreplaceable natural resource, which plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance, promoting economic development, meeting the growing material and cultural needs and developing foreign relations. Plant genetic resources are the important basis for the research of biological science, and the sustainable development of human beings and the sustainable social and economic development. A strategic resource for development, "a species can affect a country's economy", "a gene is related to the ups and downs of a country".
China is one of the most abundant plant genetic resources in the world, so it is an important area for the exploitation of plant genetic resources in developed countries, and Yunnan province is the most important part of the protection of plant genetic resources. Yunnan province is the province of the largest plant species in the country, which has been known as the "plant kingdom", almost concentrating from the tropics, subtropics to the tropics. All varieties of the temperate zone and even the cold zone. Yunnan has a rich variety of plant species and also contains a large number of precious genetic diversity. However, the present situation of plant genetic resources in Yunnan is not optimistic: a large number of forest resources in Yunnan are destroyed, the proportion of extremely dangerous plant species and endangered plant species is increasing, and the proportion of the extremely dangerous plant species and endangered plant species is increasing. Many wild plant species have been overcollected and many plant genetic resources have been lost abroad. Therefore, it is imminent to strengthen the protection of plant genetic resources in Yunnan.
The law of the protection of plant genetic resources is not sound in our country. There is no special law for protecting plant genetic resources, and there is still a great distance from the developed countries. Yunnan province has established some local laws and regulations to protect plant genetic resources on the basis of existing laws in China, but most of them are scattered, lack of comprehensiveness and obtain genetic resources. The legal system of sharing benefits is basically blank, and in the management system, there is no comprehensive management organization, more administration, lack of organic coordination, and lack of effective restriction mechanism.
Based on the situation of Yunnan Province, this paper investigates and analyzes the present situation of plant genetic resources in Yunnan province and the causes of its crisis. On the basis of comparing foreign legislation and analysis of legislation in China, this paper analyzes the status and existing problems of plant genetic resources protection legislation in Yunnan Province, and puts forward the planting of Yunnan Province in combination with the local characteristics of Yunnan. The concrete conception of perfecting the legal system of protecting genetic resources.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6

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