西部民族地区环境保护法制研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 15:19

本文选题：西部民族地区 + 环境保护　；参考：《中央民族大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 环境保护是我国当前必须着力解决的重大问题,西部民族地区的环境保护也不例外。西部民族地区的特殊的生态环境和地理位置,决定了西部民族地区的环境保护在我国有重要的意义。通过立法解决西部民族地区环境问题是本文的初衷,然而,目前这方面的研究成果,多就事论事,就环境法谈环境法,很少从更深层次的经济角度看待环境问题,并给出具有可持续发展意义的解决方案。本文就试图弥补这方面的不足,以地方政府比较优势为切入点进行研究,探讨了地方政府基于比较优势发展重化工产业与环境保护的关系,从而为解决西部民族地区环境问题提供针对性的解决方案。任何法律问题的产生和发展都有其经济原因,环境保护同样如此。本文在目前已有的研究成果上,针对西部民族地区的具体情况,对西部民族地区环境问题的产生、发展的经济原因进行了系统深入的探讨。在分析了西部民族地区环境保护问题的经济原因之后,针对西部民族地区环境立法的现状,提出了在西部民族地区进一步加强环境立法的设想,就西部民族地区环境保护法制建设中的具体制度设计提出了自己的建议。在结构上,本文除了前言和结语之外,分为三章。第一章“西部民族地区环境保护概述”。在第一章中,界定了西部民族地区的概念。然后分析了西部民族地区自然生态环境和社会发展的基本特点,为西部民族地区经济发展提供基础性资料。在深入的分析的基础上,提示了西部民族地区环境保护的三个特点:一是资源丰富,二是社会经济发展落后;三是生态脆弱。在分析基本特点之后,讨论了西部民族地区环境保护的政治和可持续发展的意义,为西部民族地区环境保护提供一个宏观的参照系。第二章,西部民族地区环境问题的原因。一是从经济学的角度,分析得出西部民族地区的地方政府具有发展重化工产业的比较优势;在此基础上得出结论:重化工业的过度发展是造成西部民族地区环境问题的经济原因。二是从法制角度分析了法律原因,得出中央政府宏观调控不完善、现行GDP核算方法框架下的政绩考核制度存在缺陷、环境保护监督体系存在缺陷、环境利益补偿机制存在不足等四个法制原因。第三章,提出了加强宏观调控、改进政府官员考核制度、完善环境保护社会监督体系、完善立法、增加地方财权、加大环境补偿力度等制度改进方案。
[Abstract]:Environmental protection is an important problem that must be solved in our country at present, and environmental protection in western minority areas is no exception. The special ecological environment and geographical location in the western minority areas determine the important significance of the environmental protection in the western ethnic areas in China. It is the original intention of this paper to solve the environmental problems in the western minority areas by legislation. However, the current research results in this area, more on the subject and on the environmental law, rarely look at the environmental problems from a deeper economic perspective. And gives the sustainable development significance of the solution. In this paper, the author tries to make up for the deficiency in this respect, and studies the relationship between the development of heavy chemical industry and environmental protection based on the comparative advantage of the local government, taking the comparative advantage of the local government as the starting point. So as to solve the environmental problems in the western minority areas to provide targeted solutions. There are economic reasons for the emergence and development of any legal problems, as well as environmental protection. On the basis of the existing research results, this paper makes a systematic and in-depth discussion on the environmental problems and the economic reasons for the development of the western minority areas in view of the specific conditions in the western minority areas. After analyzing the economic reasons of the environmental protection problems in the western minority areas, aiming at the present situation of the environmental legislation in the western minority areas, this paper puts forward the idea of further strengthening the environmental legislation in the western minority areas. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the system design of the legal system of environmental protection in the western minority areas. In terms of structure, this paper is divided into three chapters except the preface and conclusion. The first chapter is an overview of environmental protection in western ethnic areas. In the first chapter, it defines the concept of western ethnic areas. Then it analyzes the basic characteristics of the natural ecological environment and social development in the western minority areas, and provides the basic data for the economic development of the western minority areas. On the basis of in-depth analysis, this paper points out three characteristics of environmental protection in western ethnic areas: first, rich resources, second, backward social and economic development; third, fragile ecology. After analyzing the basic characteristics, this paper discusses the political and sustainable development significance of environmental protection in the western minority areas, and provides a macroscopic reference frame for the environmental protection in the western minority areas. The second chapter, the reasons of the environmental problems in the western minority areas. First, from the angle of economics, the local government in the western minority areas has the comparative advantage of developing heavy chemical industry; On this basis, it is concluded that the excessive development of heavy chemical industry is the economic cause of environmental problems in western ethnic areas. The second is to analyze the legal reasons from the perspective of the legal system, and draw the conclusion that the central government's macro-control is not perfect, the performance assessment system under the current GDP accounting method has defects, and the environmental protection supervision system has defects. There are four legal reasons for the environmental benefit compensation mechanism. In the third chapter, the author puts forward some schemes to improve the system, such as strengthening macro-control, improving the evaluation system of government officials, perfecting the social supervision system of environmental protection, perfecting legislation, increasing local financial power and increasing the intensity of environmental compensation.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68;D927

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