我国饮用水安全立法问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 10:49

【摘要】： 世界性饮用水资源短缺和污染所导致的饮用水危机,严重威胁者人们的生命健康和生存,饮用水安全问题已成为国际社会共同关注的焦点。随着我国经济的快速发展,对环境与资源的不当利用导致人与环境关系的恶化和资源的紧张,水资源的短缺尤其是饮用水资源的短缺成了制约一些地方发展的重要因素。因此,通过法律手段,合理规范并制定饮用水安全保护立法就显得十分必要。本论文首先明确了饮用水安全的内涵、法理基础,继而介绍了国外饮用水安全的立法状况,并在此基础上分析我国饮用水安全的立法状况,指出我国饮用水安全存在的立法问题,最后提出完善我国饮用水安全的法律建议。全文共分为四部分,其主要内容如下: 第一部分首先明确了饮用水安全的内涵,阐述了饮用水安全保障问题的提出过程,进而对饮用水安全进行法理分析。第二部分介绍了国外饮用水安全的立法状况,并分析了其对我国的启示。其中重点介绍了国外饮用水安全的基本法律制度,包括饮用水资源管理体制、水源保护区制度、水质监测制度、水质标准制度,预警紧急处置制度,法律责任制度等。第三部分主要对我国饮用水安全的立法现状进行分析。我国饮用水安全立法虽然取得了一定成果,但是仍存在着缺陷。从整体上来看主要有立法缺乏整体性、操作性、科学性和民主性。从基本法律制度来看,在饮用水资源管理体制、饮用水水源保护区制度、水质监管制度、预警与应急制度、法律责任制度等方面仍存在着问题。第四方面主要是针对我国饮用水安全的立法现状提出完善的法律建议。制定以可持续发展为指导思想,以优先保护、安全、预防、公平为基本原则的《饮用水安全法》;并以诸原则为指导,完善饮用水资源管理体制,完善饮用水水源保护区制度,完善饮用水水质监管制度,完善饮用水预警应急制度,完善饮用水法律责任制度。
[Abstract]:The crisis of drinking water caused by the shortage and pollution of drinking water resources in the world is a serious threat to the lives and survival of people. The safety of drinking water has become the focus of the international community. With the rapid development of our economy, the improper use of environment and resources leads to the deterioration of the relationship between human and environment and the shortage of resources. The shortage of water resources, especially the shortage of drinking water resources, has become an important factor restricting the development of some places. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably standardize and formulate the legislation of drinking water safety protection through legal means. This paper first defines the connotation and legal basis of drinking water safety, then introduces the legislative situation of drinking water safety abroad, and then analyzes the legislative situation of drinking water safety in China. The legislative problems of drinking water safety in China are pointed out, and the legal suggestions to improve the drinking water safety in China are put forward. The paper is divided into four parts. The main contents are as follows: in the first part, the connotation of drinking water safety is clarified, the process of putting forward the problem of drinking water safety is expounded, and the legal principle of drinking water safety is analyzed. The second part introduces the legislation of drinking water safety in foreign countries, and analyses its enlightenment to our country. The basic legal system of drinking water safety abroad, including drinking water resource management system, water source protection area system, water quality monitoring system, water quality standard system, early warning emergency disposal system, legal liability system, etc. The third part mainly analyzes the legislation status of drinking water safety in China. Although our country drinking water safety legislation has obtained certain achievement, but still has the flaw. From the overall point of view, there is a lack of legislation integrity, operability, scientific and democratic. From the basic legal system, there are still some problems in drinking water resource management system, drinking water source protection area system, water quality supervision system, early warning and emergency system, legal liability system and so on. The fourth aspect is mainly to put forward the perfect legal suggestion to our country drinking water safety legislation present situation. To formulate the "drinking Water Safety Law", which takes sustainable development as the guiding ideology and priority protection, safety, prevention and fairness as the basic principles, and taking the principles as the guidance to perfect the drinking water resource management system and the drinking water source protection area system, We will perfect the drinking water quality supervision system, the drinking water early warning and emergency response system, and the drinking water legal liability system.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.6

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