我国环境信息公开问题与对策研究
发布时间：2019-03-25 07:07
【摘要】：改革开放三十年,我国经济飞速发展,随之而来的环境污染问题也越来越严重,生态严重失衡,全面协调可持续的科学发展面临巨大挑战。信息时代给环境管理提供了新的管理手段,环境信息公开作为环境管理的信息手段,有着广阔的发展前景,它对于提高政府部门环境决策质量、控制污染水平、改善政府和企业环境行为起着巨大的作用,通过对环境信息的公开来加强环境管理的公众参与和监督,从而促使污染者重视环境保护、加强污染治理。 面对当前我国企业环境信息公开工作尚无统一标准可循,公众不易通过相关信息比较以获知企环境行为的优劣,政府环境部门为了地方政府政绩、维护当地税收而对当地污染物排放企业实行地方保护等一系列环境信息公开问题。文章通过阐述环境信息公开类型、方式和作用,针对目前中国环境信息公开的状况进行评价,并尝试指出现阶段我国企业环境信息公开存在的问题,借鉴国外环境信息公开的经验,初步提出环境信息公开的对策和方案,以建立和完善环境信息公开机制,更好地解决我国的环境问题,促进我国环境工作走上信息化、制度化和科学化道路的重要举措。 文章与众不同之处在于指出了当前我国环境保护工作的难题在于环境信息不对称,而环境信息公开有助于解决环境信息不对称问题；除了必须健全和落实政府环境信息公开制度之外,格外强调注意企业环境信息公开的制度建设以及环境非政府组织(NGO)作用的发挥,以解决环境保护领域“市场失灵”、“政治失灵”的问题：文章认为发挥民间环保组织的作用尤其重要,尤其是未来我国环境信息公开制度的发展应以公众参与为本位,从而保障社会公众的环境知情权,而且公开的环境信息必须可靠并且方便取得；文章最大的亮点之一还在于文章着重对我国环境信息公开工作的开展应借鉴其成功经验做出了阐述,指出由于欧美国家的环境信息公开制度已比较成熟并且成效卓著,具有大量的成功范例和经验,借鉴成功之经验、措施米应对我国环境信息公开存在的问题。
[Abstract]:After 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's economy has developed rapidly, and the environmental pollution problem has become more and more serious. The ecological imbalance is serious, and the overall coordination and sustainable scientific development is facing a huge challenge. Information age provides a new management means for environmental management. As an information means of environmental management, environmental information disclosure has a broad prospect of development. It can improve the quality of environmental decision-making in government departments and control the level of pollution. Improving the environmental behavior of the government and enterprises plays a great role in strengthening the public participation and supervision of environmental management through the disclosure of environmental information so as to urge polluters to attach importance to environmental protection and strengthen pollution control. Faced with the fact that there is no uniform standard for the disclosure of environmental information in enterprises in China, it is difficult for the public to know the merits and demerits of the environmental behavior of enterprises through the comparison of relevant information. Maintenance of local taxes and local pollution discharge enterprises to implement local protection of a series of environmental information disclosure issues. By expounding the types, ways and functions of environmental information disclosure, this paper evaluates the current situation of environmental information disclosure in China, and attempts to point out the problems existing in the disclosure of environmental information in Chinese enterprises at the present stage. Drawing lessons from the experience of environmental information disclosure abroad, this paper puts forward preliminary countermeasures and schemes for environmental information disclosure, in order to establish and perfect the mechanism of environmental information disclosure, to better solve environmental problems in our country, and to promote environmental work in our country to become information-based. An important step on the road to institutionalization and science. The paper points out that the problem of environmental protection in our country lies in the asymmetry of environmental information, and the disclosure of environmental information is helpful to solve the problem of environmental information asymmetry. In addition to the need to improve and implement the government environmental information disclosure system, special emphasis should be placed on the institutional construction of environmental information disclosure in enterprises and the play of the role of environmental non-governmental organizations (NGO) in order to address the "market failure" in the field of environmental protection. The issue of "political failure": the article holds that it is especially important to play the role of non-governmental environmental protection organizations, especially in the future, the development of environmental information disclosure system in our country should be based on public participation, so as to protect the social public's right to know about the environment. And public environmental information must be reliable and accessible; One of the greatest highlights of the article is that the article focuses on the development of environmental information disclosure in China should draw lessons from its successful experience, pointing out that the environmental information disclosure system in Europe and the United States has been relatively mature and has achieved remarkable results. There are a lot of successful examples and experiences, using the successful experience for reference, to deal with the problems existing in the disclosure of environmental information in our country.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68
本文编号：2446749
[Abstract]:After 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's economy has developed rapidly, and the environmental pollution problem has become more and more serious. The ecological imbalance is serious, and the overall coordination and sustainable scientific development is facing a huge challenge. Information age provides a new management means for environmental management. As an information means of environmental management, environmental information disclosure has a broad prospect of development. It can improve the quality of environmental decision-making in government departments and control the level of pollution. Improving the environmental behavior of the government and enterprises plays a great role in strengthening the public participation and supervision of environmental management through the disclosure of environmental information so as to urge polluters to attach importance to environmental protection and strengthen pollution control. Faced with the fact that there is no uniform standard for the disclosure of environmental information in enterprises in China, it is difficult for the public to know the merits and demerits of the environmental behavior of enterprises through the comparison of relevant information. Maintenance of local taxes and local pollution discharge enterprises to implement local protection of a series of environmental information disclosure issues. By expounding the types, ways and functions of environmental information disclosure, this paper evaluates the current situation of environmental information disclosure in China, and attempts to point out the problems existing in the disclosure of environmental information in Chinese enterprises at the present stage. Drawing lessons from the experience of environmental information disclosure abroad, this paper puts forward preliminary countermeasures and schemes for environmental information disclosure, in order to establish and perfect the mechanism of environmental information disclosure, to better solve environmental problems in our country, and to promote environmental work in our country to become information-based. An important step on the road to institutionalization and science. The paper points out that the problem of environmental protection in our country lies in the asymmetry of environmental information, and the disclosure of environmental information is helpful to solve the problem of environmental information asymmetry. In addition to the need to improve and implement the government environmental information disclosure system, special emphasis should be placed on the institutional construction of environmental information disclosure in enterprises and the play of the role of environmental non-governmental organizations (NGO) in order to address the "market failure" in the field of environmental protection. The issue of "political failure": the article holds that it is especially important to play the role of non-governmental environmental protection organizations, especially in the future, the development of environmental information disclosure system in our country should be based on public participation, so as to protect the social public's right to know about the environment. And public environmental information must be reliable and accessible; One of the greatest highlights of the article is that the article focuses on the development of environmental information disclosure in China should draw lessons from its successful experience, pointing out that the environmental information disclosure system in Europe and the United States has been relatively mature and has achieved remarkable results. There are a lot of successful examples and experiences, using the successful experience for reference, to deal with the problems existing in the disclosure of environmental information in our country.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 杜万平;王梦怡;;中美对比浅析我国环境信息披露制度的不足[J];生产力研究;2012年12期
2 于现忠;;我国环境信息公开制度及其完善[J];云南行政学院学报;2012年02期
，本文编号：2446749
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