论婚内侵权的法律规制

发布时间：2017-12-28 02:23

本文关键词：论婚内侵权的法律规制　出处：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,随经济发展和社会的急剧转型,在新的社会背景下,成熟的价值观尚未形成,出现一系列社会问题值得关注。其中婚内侵权行为的逐渐增多给婚姻家庭的和谐与稳定造成严重伤害。受我国传统家庭婚姻伦理观的影响,婚姻家庭被认为是道德领域,“法不入家门”,法律对婚姻家庭私事尽量不予干涉。在我国现行法律体系下,只有离婚损害赔偿制度,而没有婚内侵权损害赔偿制度,特别是《婚姻法解释三》的出台,完全否定了婚内损害赔偿。在我国夫妻共同财产制的主导地位使婚内侵权损害赔偿制度缺乏可操作性。但是随着婚内侵权案件的不断增加,一味否定显然不能很好解决婚内侵权问题,更无法很好保护受害方利益。这种利益的失衡实际上无法保证婚姻家庭的和谐与稳定,随着个人权利意识的增强,我们认为现行法律已经不能满足对婚姻双方权利的维护。建立完善适当的婚内侵权法律体系实属必然。完善婚内法律体系不仅能够填补现有法律漏洞,同时也是维持婚姻家庭和谐稳定,保护个人权利,也能弘扬人格独立,权利意识。本文通过对什么是婚内侵权,研究发现婚内侵权与一般侵权行为的不同之处,以更好地认识婚内侵权行为,为建立相应婚内侵权制度打下基础。同时本文也对婚内侵权的类型进行分析,以求将婚内侵权类型化。通过对婚内侵权类型化及相关学理分析本,文重点对如何构建婚内侵权制度进行深入探讨,重点分析家庭财产制度,配偶权非常财产制度,损害赔制度,保护令制度等,婚内侵权之诉等。同时婚内侵权制度从实体法和程序法等方面提出自己的构想。本文共四个章节主要内容有：前言部分简单分析了我国目前对我国婚内侵权相关问题的研究现状及主要成果。也简单介绍了本论文的主要特色,选择本论题的主要目的和基本意义。同时介绍了自己论文写作的基本方法和资料来源。第一章是婚内侵权的内涵及其基本特征,主要分析了我国学者对婚内侵权行为内涵的界定和分析,并在此基础上给出笔者关于婚内侵权的定义,即婚内侵权是指在婚姻关系存续期间,配偶或配偶之外第三人,违反相关法律规范侵害配偶人身权和财产权,依法应当承担民事责任的过错行为。此定义也为本文研究定下了范围和方向。同时,在定义分析的基础上通过和一般侵权行为的比较分析了婚内侵权的基本特征。主要从行为主体,行为时间,侵害内容,主观过错以及功能价值五个个方面分析了婚内侵权行为的特征。通过对特征的分析深化对婚内侵权的认识。第二章是婚内侵权的基本类型,本章尝试对婚内侵权进行类型化。其类型化有两个基本标准：侵害客体与婚姻关系。将婚内侵权分为：一、侵害人身权的行为：(1)侵害配偶权权行为(2)侵害一般人身权的行为；二、侵害财产权的行为：(1)侵害夫妻共同财产的行为(2)侵害夫妻一方个人财产的行为。通过类型化的分析,更深入理解婚内侵权的内涵和外延。第三章是建立婚内侵权的法律规制体系的意义,主要论述在我国现有国情下建立婚内侵权制度的基本意义和必要性。第四章是婚内侵权法律规制的构想,在前几章的分析的基础上对建立和完善我国婚内侵权制度提出立法建议。分析了现行法律应该废除和修改之处以为建立婚内侵权制度清理法律上的障碍,也为过度阶段法律实践统一法律前提。分析了我国应当全面规定配偶权的原因。为破解我国婚内侵权案件执行中遇到的困境,对完善我国夫妻财产制度提出了立法建议,建议完善我国夫妻财产制度,为保障配偶财产知情权和保护弱者利益的考虑,建议完善夫妻经济补偿请求权及财产报告和查询制度。特别强调建立非常财产制度,加强对婚内侵权受害者的保护,也为婚内侵权财产责任的实现提供物质基础。第四章对婚内侵权的责任方式展开了讨论,分析建立完善的婚内侵权损害赔偿制度的必要性,并建议在损害赔偿制度的基础上建立债权凭证制度。针对家庭暴力的严重危害,笔者也分析了建立保护令制度的意义和作用。同时也分析了精神损害赔偿在婚内侵权案件中的特别作用。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and social transformation, under the new social background, the mature values have not yet formed. There are a series of social problems that deserve attention. The gradual increase in marital tort has caused serious harm to the harmony and stability of marriage and family. Influenced by the traditional family and marriage ethics in China, marriage and family are regarded as the moral field. Under the current legal system of China, there is only divorce damage compensation system, but no marital tort damage compensation system, especially the introduction of marriage law interpretation three, totally negates the compensation for marital damages. In our country, the dominant position of the common property system of husband and wife in our country makes the system of indemnity damages in marriage lack operability. However, with the continuous increase in marital tort cases, it is obviously not a good solution to the problem of infringement in marriage, and can not protect the interests of the injured party. This imbalance of interests can not guarantee the harmony and stability of marriage and family. With the enhancement of personal rights consciousness, we believe that the existing laws can no longer satisfy the rights of both sides of marriage. It is necessary to establish and perfect the appropriate legal system of marital tort. Improving the legal system of marriage can not only fill the loopholes of the existing laws, but also maintain the harmony and stability of marriage and family, protect individual rights, and carry forward personality independence and rights consciousness. Based on what is marital tort, we find the difference between marital tort and general tort so as to better understand marital tort and lay the foundation for establishing corresponding marital tort system. At the same time, this article also analyzes the types of marital tort in order to type the infringement in marriage. Through the analysis of the types of marital infringement and related academic analysis, this paper focuses on how to build marital tort system, focusing on family property system, spouse property right property system, damage compensation system, protection order system, marital tort lawsuit and so on. At the same time, the system of torts in marriage is conceived from the substantive law and the procedural law. In this paper, the main contents of the four chapters are as follows: the preface briefly analyzes the current research status and main achievements of China's marital tort related issues. It also briefly introduces the main features of this paper, and chooses the main purpose and basic meaning of the thesis. At the same time, it introduces the basic methods and sources of the paper writing. The first chapter is the connotation of marital tort and its basic characteristics, the main analysis of the Chinese scholars on the marital tort definition and analysis, and then gives the author a definition of marital tort, namely marital tort refers to the marriage in addition to spouse or spouses of third people, in violation of relevant laws specification for violating the spouse personal right and property right, fault behavior shall bear civil liability according to law. This definition also defines the scope and direction of this study. At the same time, on the basis of the analysis of the definition, the basic characteristics of the infringement in marriage are analyzed through the comparison with the general tort. Mainly from five aspects of the behavior subject, behavior time, infringement content, subjective fault and functional value, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the tort in marriage. Through the analysis of the characteristics, we can deepen the understanding of the infringement in marriage. The second chapter is the basic type of marital tort. This chapter tries to type the infringement in marriage. There are two basic criteria for its typology: the relationship between the object of infringement and the marriage. The infringement of marital rights is divided into: first, the act of infringing upon personal rights: (1) the act of infringing spouse's right, (2) the act of infringing general personal rights; two, the act of infringing the property right: (1) the act of violating the property of husband and wife, (2) the act of violating the personal property of husband and wife. Through the type of analysis, more in-depth understanding of the connotation and extension of marital tort. The third chapter is the significance of establishing the legal regulation system of marital tort. It mainly discusses the basic significance and necessity of establishing marital tort system in China's current national conditions. The fourth chapter is the concept of the legal regulation of marital tort, and on the basis of the analysis of the previous chapters, it puts forward legislative proposals for the establishment and improvement of our country's marital tort system. This paper analyzes the existing laws that should be abolished and amended, so as to clear up the legal obstacles in the establishment of marital tort system, and to unify the legal prerequisites for the excessive stage of legal practice. The reasons for the right of spouses in China are analyzed. To meet the execution of infringement cases cracked within our marriage in trouble, gives some legislative proposals for perfecting our marital property system, suggestions for perfecting our marital property system, and for the protection of the interests of the weak security of property right of spouse, marital property and suggestions to improve the economic compensation claim report and query system. In particular, it emphasizes the establishment of a very good property system, strengthening the protection of the victims of infringement in marriage, and providing a material basis for the realization of the liability for infringement of property in marriage. The fourth chapter discusses the responsibility of marital tort, analyzes the necessity of establishing a perfect marital tort damage compensation system, and suggests that we should establish a credential certificate system based on the compensation system. In view of the serious harm of domestic violence, the author also analyzed the significance and function of establishing the protection order system. At the same time, it also analyzes the special role of the compensation for mental damage in the cases of marital tort.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.9

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