农村留守老人权益的法律保护研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 06:26

  本文关键词： 农村留守老人权益 法律保护 完善建议　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摘要：当前我国已经进入老龄化社会,老年人权益保障问题变的愈加重要,由于历史和现实的原因,我国在留守老人权益保障方面尚存在很多问题。然而,当前我国还没有专门针对农村留守老人群体的相关立法,由于这一群体的特殊性,显然现有的有关老年人的一般法律法规并不能有效的保障其权益。本文就是从法律的角度探究如何保护农村留守老人的权益。主要有以下几个部分组成： 第一部分是导论,主要包括本文的选题背景、研究综述、选题意义以及本文的创新之处。农村留守老人是伴随我国改革开放和城市化进程中产生的一个特殊群体,对这一群体的研究不仅具有理论意义,而且具有现实意义。国内外有关农村留守老人的文献不多,研究水平较低,也不够系统和完善。从法律角度研究留守老人权益的保护正是本文的创新之处。 第二部分是农村留守老人权益的概念界定。农村留守老人目前尚未引起社会的广泛关注,对于农村留守老人以及农村留守老人权益的概念也没有统一、明确的界定。笔者通过分析探讨,界定了农村留守老人的概念和农村留守老人所应当享有的权益。 第三部分是我国农村留守老人权益法律保护的主要内容及其方式。农村留守老人作为特殊的弱势群体,除了享有公民的一般权利,还应当享有一些特殊的权利,如受赡养权、精神慰藉权、物质帮助权、休息权、就医权等权利；对于留守老人权益的保护方式,主要有国家保护、社会保护、家庭保护以及留守老人的自身保护。 第四部分是我国农村留守老人权益法律保护存在的问题及其原因。当前我国有关老年人权益的法律主要是《中华人民共和国老年人权益保护法》,还有一些保障老年人权益的法律法规散见于《民法》、《刑法》、《婚姻法》、《诉讼法》等其他法典之中,尚没有专门针对农村留守老人的法律法规。由于法律体系的不完善、不健全,我国农村留守老人权益保护存在诸多问题。问题的原因是多方面的,不仅仅是因为立法不完善,还与家庭赡养角色缺位、社会关注不够、法律服务缺失以及留守年人自身法律意识淡薄等有关。 第五部分是我国农村留守老人权益的法律保护的思路和对策。针对农村留守老人权益保护存在的问题,笔者提出了以下几点建议和对策。首先是立法方面,应当完善《中华人民共和国老年人权益保护法》,制定《中华人民共和国老年人权益保护法实施细则》；针对留守老人的特殊性制定一些专门的相关法律法规,健全保障老年人权益的法律体系,全面保护留守老人的合法权益,比如制定《农村社会养老保险法》、《老年人权益保障法实施办法》、《农村医疗保障法》、《农村老年人生活照料法》以及其他相关法律法规。其次是执法方面,行政执法部门要积极主动保护老人的合法权益,对于侵犯留守老人权益的行为要严厉惩处。再次是司法方面,基于我国社会老龄化程度逐渐加深,老年人人口规模日益庞大,建立针对老年人的专门法庭很有必要。最后是法律宣传和法律服务方面,要做好普法工作和对老年人的法律援助。另外,为更好的保障留守老人权益,加强家庭保护、提高社会保障水平也是及其必要的。 农村留守老人是我国城市化进程中衍生的一个特殊、庞大的老年人群体。维护和保障老年人的合法权益,特别是维护和保障农村留守老人这一弱势群体的合法权益,是全社会的共同责任,也是构筑和谐社会的基本要求,更关系到当前社会主义新农村建设的成败。由于城乡二元结构分化等原因,我国农村留守老人权益保障面临着道德和法律的双重困境,为了更好地保障农村留守老人的权益,必须以法律的形式确立农村留守老人的法律地位,建立健全保护这一弱势群体的法律体系。
[Abstract]:Abstract: at present, China has entered the aging society, safeguarding the rights and interests of the elderly become more and more important, due to historical and practical reasons, there are still many problems in the Elderly Rights in our country. However, China has no special legislation for the rural elderly population, as a special group obviously, the elderly of the existing general laws and regulations are not effective to protect their rights and interests. This paper is to explore how to protect the rights and interests of the left behind elderly in rural areas from the angle of law mainly has the following several parts:
The first part is the introduction, including the research background, research significance and innovation of this article. The rural elderly is accompanied by a special group of China's reform and opening up and the city in the process, the study of this group not only has theoretical significance, but also has practical significance. Domestic and foreign literature on the rural elderly is not much, the research level is low, also not systematic and perfect. The protection of the rights and interests of the elderly left behind from the angle of law is the innovation of this paper.
The second part is the concept of the rights for rural left behind elderly. The definition of the rural left behind elderly has not yet aroused widespread concern in society, there is no unified concept for the elderly and Rural Elderly Rights in rural areas is clearly defined. The author through analysis, defines the concept and the elderly left behind in rural elderly in rural areas should enjoy the rights and interests.
The third part is the main content of China's rural left behind the legal protection of the interests of the elderly and its way. The rural left behind elderly as a special vulnerable groups, in addition to the general rights of citizens, should also enjoy some special rights, such as the right of support, comfort, material help right, the right to rest, right right for medical treatment; protection of left behind elderly rights, mainly the state protection, social protection, protection of the family and the elderly left behind to protect themselves.
The fourth part is our country rural existence of legal protection of the interests of the elderly left behind problems and their causes. At present in our country about the legal rights and interests of the elderly is mainly People's Republic of China elderly Protection Law > >, there are some laws and regulations to protect the rights of the elderly in < < > > of civil law, criminal law, marriage law < >, < procedure > and other laws, still no specific laws and regulations of the rural elderly. Because the legal system is not perfect, not perfect, rural elderly rights protection problems. The cause of the problem is that in many aspects, not only because of the imperfection of legislation, but also with the lack of the role of family support, social concern is not enough lack of legal services, and the left behind elderly awareness of the law.
The fifth part is the ideas and measures of legal protection for the rural elderly rights. Aiming at the protection of the rights of the elderly left behind in rural areas, the author puts forward several suggestions and countermeasures. The first is the legislation, we should perfect the "People's Republic of China elderly Protection Law >, < People's Republic of China formulated the protection of rights of the elderly rules for the implementation of the law for some special; formulate relevant laws and regulations of the elderly, a sound legal system to protect the rights of the elderly, the elderly left behind to protect the legitimate rights and interests, such as the development of rural social endowment insurance Law > >, < the measures for the implementation of the elderly Protection Law > >, < < rural medical security law, the life of the rural elderly take care of law and other relevant laws and regulations. The second is the law enforcement, administrative law enforcement departments should actively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly, for violations of the old left behind 浜烘潈鐩婄殑琛屼负瑕佷弗鍘夋儵澶，

本文编号：1550807