我国离婚补偿制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 19:10

本文选题：离婚　切入点：离婚经济补偿　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国《婚姻法》第40条和《婚姻法司法解释(三)》第10条分别对离婚经济补偿和离婚时按揭房屋增值部分的补偿作出了规定,此两个法律条文的规定构成了我国离婚补偿制度。离婚补偿制度的确立保护了婚姻关系中弱势者的合法权益,体现了人文关怀,具有十分重要的现实意义。但是近年来,离婚补偿制度在司法实践中,也逐渐暴露出了一些问题,导致其发挥作用时受到了束缚,如何完善我国离婚补偿制度,使其适应我国经济社会的发展已成必要。本文针对我国离婚经济补偿制度和离婚时按揭房屋增值部分补偿制度在司法实践中可能遭遇到的问题,进行梳理和反思,找到完善该制度的方法,真正在我国当前发挥其应有的作用,促进该制度的实用化、合理化甚至科学化。本文以“《我国离婚补偿制度研究》”为题进行研究,全文一共由四个部分组成。第一部分:我国离婚补偿制度的基本理论。本部分主要从离婚补偿的含义、种类、功能和与离婚损害赔偿制度的区别等四个方面进行阐述。第二部分:我国离婚补偿制度存在的不足。该部分主要分析了离婚经济补偿制度和离婚时按揭房屋增值部分补偿制度在司法实践中存在的缺陷问题。通过分析发现,目前我国离婚经济补偿制度存在缺陷之处在于:仅适用于夫妻约定财产制不尽合理、对于提出补偿请求的时间有一定局限性、补偿方式不确定。另外,这一制度的补偿标准不尽明确,这些都显得不够合理。其二,离婚时按揭房屋增值部分补偿制度则是存在缺乏具体的补偿标准算法、对无过错非房款首付方利益的保护不够、《婚姻法》未对离婚按揭房屋增值部分补偿制度作出规定等三个方面的不足。第三部分:关于域外离婚补偿制度考察与借鉴。在这一部分,分析了英美法系以及大陆法系国家对于离婚经济补偿制度的法律规定,归纳了这些国家经济补偿制度的法律规定对我国的启示。第四部分:完善我国离婚补偿制度的设想。针对前文指出的离婚补偿制度存在的不足之处,提出了相应的完善对策。具体而言,对于完善离婚经济补偿制度,提出了五项建议,包括:取消经济补偿限于约定财产制的限制、放宽提出经济补偿请求的适用时间、拓宽经济补偿的给付方式、适用经济补偿时应综合考虑多种相关因素、允许执业机会丧失或倾力支持对方深造可提起经济补偿。对于按揭房屋增值部分补偿制度制度提出了四项建议,包括:明确具体的补偿标准、加强对无过错非房款首付方权益的保护、对按揭房屋无产权一方补偿时应考虑相关因素、婚姻法》应确立离婚按揭房屋增值部分补偿制度。
[Abstract]:Article 40 of the Marriage Law of China and Article 10 of the Judicial interpretation of the Marriage Law provide for the financial compensation for divorce and the compensation for the value added part of the mortgaged house at the time of divorce, respectively. These two legal provisions constitute the divorce compensation system of our country. The establishment of divorce compensation system protects the legal rights and interests of the vulnerable persons in the marriage relationship and embodies the humanistic concern. However, in recent years, the establishment of the divorce compensation system has very important practical significance. In the judicial practice, the divorce compensation system has gradually exposed some problems, which lead to the restriction of its function. How to perfect the divorce compensation system in our country? It is necessary to adapt it to the development of our country's economy and society. To find a way to perfect the system, to really play its due role in our country, to promote the practicality, rationalization and even scientization of the system. This paper is composed of four parts. The first part: the basic theory of divorce compensation system in China. The second part: the deficiency of divorce compensation system in our country. This part mainly analyzes the financial compensation system of divorce and the value added of mortgage house at the time of divorce. The defects of partial compensation system in judicial practice. At present, there are some defects in the financial compensation system of divorce in our country: it is not reasonable only to apply to the property system agreed by husband and wife, has certain limitation to the time of making the request for compensation, and the way of compensation is uncertain. The compensation standard of this system is not clear, which is not reasonable. Second, there is a lack of specific compensation standard algorithm in the compensation system of the value-added part of the mortgage house when divorce. The protection of the interests of the non-fault non-house-paying party is not enough, and the marriage law does not provide for the compensation system of the value-added part of the house for divorce mortgage. Part three: the investigation and borrowing of the extraterritorial divorce compensation system. In this part, This paper analyzes the legal provisions of divorce economic compensation system in common law system and civil law system. This paper summarizes the enlightenment of the legal provisions of the economic compensation system in these countries to our country. Part IV: the assumption of perfecting the divorce compensation system in China. In view of the deficiencies of the divorce compensation system pointed out above, To perfect the financial compensation system of divorce, five suggestions are put forward, including: canceling the limitation of economic compensation limited to the agreed property system, relaxing the applicable time for the request for economic compensation. To broaden the way of payment of economic compensation, we should consider a variety of relevant factors when applying economic compensation. To allow the loss of practice opportunities or to support the other party to pursue further education can bring financial compensation. Four suggestions for the mortgage housing value-added compensation system are put forward, including: a clear and specific compensation standard, We should strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of the no-fault non-house down-payment party, consider the relevant factors when compensating the mortgage house without the property right, and establish the compensation system for the value-added part of the divorced mortgage house in the Marriage Law.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

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