试论我国未成年人监护制度的完善

发布时间：2018-04-03 09:57

本文选题：监护制度　切入点：未成年人　出处：《暨南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：监护制度最早可追溯至罗马法,随着不断的发展,已成为现代民法中一项完善的法律制度。监护制度的核心是保护未成年人的合法权益,我国现阶段已构建了一套颇具中国特色的未成年人监护制度,但是明显滞后于国外未成年人法的现代变革。现今我国未成年人合法权益受到侵害的事件屡屡发生,未成年人监护制度的缺失是其一重要因素,对此完善我国未成年人监护制度有其现实意义。本文总共三部分。第一部分通过对我国监护制度进行了解,对在保护未成年人权益和维护社会秩序的价值予以肯定,同时提出其在指导思想上落后,带有历史局限性,不能有效的指导未成人民事权益保护事业的开展;在立法体例上未区分亲权,导致存在诸多法律空白的出现;在监督机制上缺失,导致实施效果堪忧。第二部分是针对上文提出的问题进行对比研究,评析德国和日本的未成年人监护制度在其指导思想、立法模式和监督机制的优越性及可借鉴经验;第三部分是完善我国未成年人监护制度的具体思考,首先在指导思想上确立“儿童利益最佳”原则,其次在在立法上采用以亲权为主、监护为辅的立法模式,最后是完善监督机制。
[Abstract]:Guardianship system can be traced back to Roman law. With the development of modern civil law, it has become a perfect legal system.The core of guardianship system is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of minors. At present, China has constructed a set of minors' guardianship system with Chinese characteristics, but obviously lags behind the modern reform of foreign minors' laws.Nowadays, the violation of the legal rights and interests of minors occurs frequently in our country, and the absence of guardianship system for minors is one of the important factors, which has practical significance to improve the guardianship system of minors in our country.There are three parts in this paper.The first part, through understanding the guardianship system of our country, affirms the value of protecting the rights and interests of minors and maintaining social order, and points out that it is backward in guiding ideology and has historical limitations.Can not effectively guide the development of non-adult civil rights and interests protection; do not distinguish parental rights in the legislative style, resulting in the existence of many legal gaps; in the absence of supervision mechanism, resulting in poor implementation results.The second part is a comparative study on the problems raised above, and comments on the advantages of the German and Japanese juvenile guardianship system in its guiding ideology, legislative model and supervision mechanism, as well as the experience that can be used for reference.The third part is to perfect our country minor guardianship system concrete thought, first establishes "the child benefit best" principle in the guiding ideology, secondly in the legislation uses the parental authority primarily, the guardianship as the supplementary legislation pattern.Finally, improve the supervision mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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