论国际法视角下同性恋者的婚姻权保护

发布时间：2018-04-28 08:39

本文选题：国际法 + 婚姻权　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：同性恋者在世界各个国家均有分布,由于对其的误解和歧视普遍存在,同性恋者的婚姻权得不到应有的重视与保护,甚至在有些国家和地区生命权、自由权都难以保障。同样作为自然人,婚姻权也应由同性恋者的所享有,这是国际人权发展和进步的应有之义。在人权理论中,同性恋者的婚姻权本就具有自由权和平等权的人权基础,同性恋者寻求婚姻权保护的过程,也是追求人权保护的过程。保护同性恋者的婚姻权,最终意义上也就保护了这一群体的特殊人权。目前在美国以及多数欧洲国家,立法及司法实践对同性恋者的婚姻权给予了更多的关注和重视,有的国家直接制定专门规范同性恋者婚姻权的法律。诸多已有同性婚姻立法的国家在立法的过程中,立法者对同性恋者婚姻的态度经历了从完全否定到逐渐接受的过程,其他尚未承认同性恋者婚姻权的国家也难免不重复这个过程。已有立法的国家法律及法院判例,都可以成为可供借鉴的来源。本文以同性恋者婚姻权与国际法及人权的联系作为切入点,从国际法学、社会学等多学科入手,分析定性、历史发展和人权基础,引入与同性恋者密切相关的自由权、平等权、婚姻权。通过介绍国外的同性婚姻立法及司法实践,分析立法的发展及典型模式,研究法律规定及司法判例,总结先进的经验。最后,从我国法律制度的现状出发,探讨同性恋者的婚姻权如何得到确认与保护,在更大范围内为我国同性恋者婚姻权的保护寻找可借鉴之处。第一章为引言,通过阐述选题背景和意义,介绍国内外同性恋者婚姻权问题的研究现状,提出研究方法和创新点。第二章“同性恋者婚姻权序说”,阐述了何为同性恋问题,介绍同性恋者婚姻权的由来和历史沿革,并从基本人权的理论出发,对同性恋者的婚姻权分别以自由权、平等权的角度进行探讨,最后落脚在同性恋者婚姻权保护的人权意义上。第三章“国外同性恋者婚姻权的立法与司法实践”。选取了美国、荷兰以及法国的法律作为主要内容,介绍上述三个国家在确认和保护同性恋者婚姻权的立法过程,包括历史发展、标志性事件等,总结分析上述三个国家同性婚姻的法律意义或立法模式,并进行全面的研读。第四章“我国同性恋者婚姻权的立法与司法实践”,分别对我国四个法域的婚姻立法进行介绍,分析各自对待同性恋者婚姻权的立场,以及我国保护同性恋者婚姻权存在的阻碍。作者选择了具有代表性的发生在我国的同性婚姻案件,并对案件提出作者的思考与困惑。第五章“对我国同性恋者婚姻权保护的法律思考”。首先思考了我国现行法律制度与国外有关同性恋者婚姻权的立法及判决的冲突,并提出合理建议。其次,从我国的法律制度、社会发展入手,分析保护同性恋者婚姻权的必要性。最后,借鉴国外已有的立法模式及判例,探讨我国保护同性恋者婚姻权在立法和司法层面的设想。
[Abstract]:Homosexuals are distributed in all countries in the world. Because of their misunderstanding and discrimination, the right to marriage of homosexuals cannot be taken seriously and protected. Even in some countries and regions, the right to life is difficult to guarantee. As a natural person, the right to marriage should also be enjoyed by homosexuals. This is an international human rights issue. In the theory of human rights, the right to marriage of homosexuals is based on the human rights basis of freedom and equality, the process of seeking the protection of the right to marriage by homosexuals, and the process of pursuing the protection of human rights. The protection of the right to marriage of homosexuals in the final sense also protects the special human rights of this group. In the country and most European countries, legislation and judicial practice have given more attention and attention to the right to marriage of homosexuals. Some countries directly formulate laws to regulate the right to marriage of homosexuals. In the process of legislation, the attitudes of legislators to homosexual marriage have gone through a lot of legislation. In the process of acceptance, other countries that have not yet recognized the right to marriage have not been able to repeat the process. The national laws and court cases that have been legislating can be used as a source of reference. This article takes the relationship between the right of marriage and international law and human rights as the breakthrough point, from the international law, sociology and so on. It analyzes the nature, historical development and human rights basis, introduces the right to freedom, equality and marriage, which is closely related to homosexuals. Through introducing the legislation and judicial practice of homosexual marriage abroad, it analyzes the development and typical model of legislation, studies the legal provisions and judicial cases, and summarizes the advanced experience. Finally, from the present legal system of our country The first chapter is the introduction, introducing the background and significance of the topic, introducing the research status of homosexuals' right of marriage at home and abroad, and putting forward the research methods and innovation points in the second chapter. "The preface to the right to marriage of homosexuals" describes the issue of homosexuality, introduces the origin and historical evolution of the right to marriage of homosexuals, and from the basic theory of human rights, discusses the rights of homosexuals with the right of freedom and equality, respectively, and finally falls on the human rights of homosexuals in the protection of the right to marriage. The third chapter is on the human rights of homosexuals. "The legislation and judicial practice of the right to marriage of foreign homosexuals". The laws of the United States, Holland and France are selected as the main contents to introduce the legislative process of the three countries to confirm and protect the right to marriage of homosexuals, including the historical development and the landmark events, and to summarize and analyze the legal significance of the same sex marriage in the above three countries. The fourth chapter, "the legislation and judicial practice of the right of homosexuals in our country", introduces the marriage legislation in four jurisdictions in China, analyzes their respective positions on the marriage rights of homosexuals, and the hindrance of the existence of the right to protect the marriage of homosexuals in our country. The author chooses the Representative The case of same-sex marriage in our country, and the author's thinking and confusion about the case. The fifth chapter "the legal thinking about the protection of the right to marriage of homosexuals in our country". First, we think about the conflict between the current legal system of our country and the legislation and judgment of the right of marriage of homosexuals abroad, and put forward reasonable suggestions. Secondly, from the law of our country On the basis of the system and social development, the necessity of protecting the right to marriage of homosexuals is analyzed. Finally, the legislative and judicial aspects of the protection of the right of homosexual marriage in our country are discussed with reference to the existing legislative patterns and jurisprudence of foreign countries.

【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D913.9

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