我国夫妻财产制的立法沿革及缺陷完善

发布时间：2018-05-15 11:35

本文选题：夫妻财产制 + 比较研究　；参考：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会由人组成，人以家庭的形式生活，婚姻是家庭的基础和保障，男女双方通过缔结婚姻的方式来维系和保护彼此之间的人身关系和财产关系，从而产生了法律上的夫妻之间的权利义务关系。夫妻财产是夫妻婚姻家庭生活的物质保障，婚姻家庭生活中又必定与第三人发生民事交易，为了确保夫妻地位平等和婚姻生活的正常运转，并保障第三人与夫妻交易的安全，维护社会秩序，法律设立了夫妻财产制，以调整夫妻财产关系。随着我国社会经济的发展，财富载体日趋多元化，投资渠道更加多样化，夫妻财产也日益丰富多样，相应地，夫妻之间的财产关系也变得越来越复杂。所以，在现在这个社会，人和人之间的关系变得不再那么受重视，而财产关系却变得越来越受人关注，人们对夫妻财产权益的重视程度也开始逐渐加强。在家庭和社会生活中，夫妻财产权的关键性作用日益凸显。夫妻财产制度是婚姻法的重要组成部分，其内容主要包括夫妻财产制度的设立、变更与废止，夫妻婚前财产和婚后所得财产的归属、管理、使用、收益、处分，以及家庭生活费用的负担，夫妻债务的清偿，婚姻终止时夫妻财产的清算和分割等。我国夫妻财产制度经过1950年、1980年、2001年《婚姻法》的颁布及修订，以及最高人民法院为指导司法实践而先后作出的三个司法解释的颁布，内容逐渐丰富与具体，形成了一定的夫妻财产制度立法体系，但随着社会与经济的发展，需要调整的夫妻财产关系新情况不断出现，我国现行的夫妻财产制度显然仍存有缺陷及不足。本文对1950年到2011年期间，《婚姻法》至《婚姻法解释（三）》（最高人民法院）推行的演变过程中，法律上对夫妻财产权的相关条款，进行了回顾；对每一时期的不同表现进行了简要分析，同时纵向比较了每一阶段的夫妻财产权，对国内相关法律现状和立法变迁进行了分析，从而发现与社会发展相应，夫妻财产权利不断变迁的整体规律。并且，本文对国外一些相关法律条款进行了介绍，希望借助横向比较，，从不同的角度，对我国夫妻财产权的不足作出研究，同时找到解决方案。
[Abstract]:Society is made up of people who live in the form of a family. Marriage is the foundation and security of the family, and both men and women maintain and protect their personal and property relationships by entering into marriage. Thus the legal relationship between the rights and obligations of husband and wife. The property of husband and wife is the material guarantee of marital and family life of husband and wife. In order to ensure the equality of marital status and the normal operation of marital life, and to ensure the safety of the transaction between the third person and the husband and wife, the civil transaction must take place with the third party in the marriage and family life. In order to maintain social order, the law established the marital property system to adjust the marital property relationship. With the development of China's social economy, the wealth carrier is becoming more and more diversified, the investment channels are more diversified, and the marital property is becoming more and more diverse. Accordingly, the property relationship between husband and wife is becoming more and more complex. Therefore, in this society, the relationship between people has become less attention, but the property relationship has become more and more concerned, people pay more and more attention to the property rights and interests of husband and wife. In the family and social life, the key role of marital property rights is increasingly prominent. The matrimonial property system is an important part of the Marriage Law. Its contents mainly include the establishment, modification and abolition of the matrimonial property system, the ownership, management, use, income and disposition of the matrimonial property and the property acquired after marriage. And the burden of family living expenses, the settlement of husband and wife debt, the liquidation and division of marital property at the end of marriage. After the promulgation and revision of the Marriage Law in 1950, 1980 and 2001, and the promulgation of three judicial interpretations successively made by the Supreme people's Court to guide judicial practice, the contents are gradually enriched and specific. A certain legislative system of husband and wife property system has been formed, but with the development of society and economy, the new situation of husband and wife property relationship that needs to be adjusted appears constantly, and the current marital property system of our country still has obvious defects and deficiencies. From 1950 to 2011, in the course of the evolution of the Marriage Law to the interpretation of the Marriage Law (3) (the Supreme people's Court), the article reviews the relevant provisions of the husband and wife's property rights in the law of "Marriage Law" and "interpretation of the Marriage Law" (3) (Supreme people's Court). The different performance of each period is briefly analyzed, at the same time, the property rights of husband and wife in each stage are compared vertically, and the current situation of domestic relevant laws and legislative changes are analyzed, and the corresponding social development is found. Husband and wife property rights constantly changing the overall law. In addition, this paper introduces some relevant legal provisions in foreign countries, hoping to study the shortage of property rights of husband and wife in China from different angles with the help of horizontal comparison, and find solutions at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.9

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