婚内财产分割协议的性质与效力研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 00:26

  本文选题：婚内财产分割协议 + 物权变动效力　； 参考：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：婚内财产分割协议——我国司法实务中内生的非法律概念,是司法实践中法官对于我国现存夫妻财产制制度规定不能满足婚姻当事人现实需求而积极弥补的产物,其在一定程度上缓解了我国分居制度法律空白所带来的实务困境。"衍生物"意味着婚内财产分割协议面临法学理论缺乏,法律地位不明确及司法审判认定效力不一的复杂局面。2014年第12期公报案例"唐某诉李某某、唐某乙法定继承纠纷案"再次将这一现实问题推向理论界,使得婚内财产分割协议的理论研究成为热点。第一部分:文章在大量案例整理收集及广泛阅读相关文献的基础上,结合司法实践中的运用现状,分析案例,首先阐释婚内财产分割协议的构成要件,进而确定婚内财产分割协议的法律性质。对婚内财产分割协议的定义、构成要件进行真实定义,严格限定概念。概念乃是解决法律问题所必需的和必不可少的工具,通过对我国婚内财产分割协议司法实践中的内涵进行全面归纳总结,明晰其符合我国夫妻约定财产制的理论构架,是我国夫妻约定财产制的表现形式,为后文的深入研究奠定基础。最后,对实务中易于与婚内财产分割协议混淆的婚内析产、夫妻间赠与之间的关系辨析。第二部分:婚内财产分割协议的效力主要包括:物权变动效力、物权对抗效力。夫妻一体性使得婚内财产分割协议引起的物权变动效力及物权对抗效力在对内与对外关系上具有特殊性。法律对物权变动于夫妻当事人(内部)的物权变动效力及与第三人(外部)的物权对抗效力保障力不同,必须在理论与实践中区分。在婚内财产分割协议导致物权发生变动时,物权变动效力作用于夫妻当事人约定的财产,必然在当事人的内部关系产生法律效果,而物权对抗效力产生法律效力仅于物权人与交易第三人利益发生冲突的情形,其所要解决的问题是该项已经依法发生的物权变动是否在外部关系上产生相应法律效果。也即婚内财产分割协议引起的物权变动效力是绝对的,而物权对抗效力则具有可能性。文章首先论述婚内财产分割协议的物权变动效力,通过类型化分析婚内财产分割协议的物权变动效力,更加深入地了解婚内财产分割协议在我国司法实务中的运行模式。继而对婚内财产分割协议物权对抗效力进行分析,并对其特征展开讨论。第三部分:通过我国与英国在夫妻财产制方面的比较评析发现英国妻约定财产制的内涵与我国实务中婚内财产分割协议的运用具有相似点。英国夫妻财产制制度体系完整,整个制度周密而实践性强,且类型法定的约定财产制为司法实务带来巨大便利,如此益处我们应当取之为我国特有之夫妻财产制度构建相应理论。第四部分:阐释司法判决中婚内财产分割协议对我国夫妻财产规范的意义及分析其在司法运用中存在的问题。婚内财产分割协议确保了夫妻约定财产制在我国社会生活中的运用实效,弥补了我国法律中关于分居制度的法律空白,使得处于分居状态下的夫妻间的财产关系可以通过法律方式解决。同时婚内财产分割协议为更新我国夫妻财产制提供实践经验,形成一种"自下而上"的立法及理论推动,使得我国夫妻财产制随着社会的变化发展在实践中得到不断的更新完善。但是,由于缺乏明确法律规定,其在实务中存在一些问题。第五部分:"民法典时代"的开启,婚内财产分割协议对《民法典》夫妻财产制完善的具有重要意义。婚姻编的具体编撰近在咫尺,各学者对于《民法典》夫妻财产制的建议稿必将为立法委员会重视,因此,对于国内目前较为前沿的夫妻约定财产制立法建议进行分析研究,发现其中的不足,结合笔者对实务中婚内财产分割协议的研究,提出几点建议。
[Abstract]:The agreement on the division of marital property, the non legal concept inherent in our judicial practice, is the product of the judicial practice that the judges actively make up for the existing marital property system in our country that the system of marital property system can not meet the actual needs of the marriage parties, which to some extent alleviates the practical difficulties brought by the legal gap of the separation system in China. "Biology" means that the agreement on property segmentation in marriage is faced with the lack of legal theory, the unclear legal status and the complexity of the effectiveness of judicial judgment in the twelfth phase of.2014. "Tang, a, Li Mou, Tang Mouyi's legal succession dispute case" again pushed the real problem to the theoretical circle, making the theory research on the property division agreement within marriage. The first part: the first part: on the basis of a large number of cases collating collection and extensive reading of relevant literature, combined with the application of the judicial practice, analysis of cases, first explains the components of the marital property division agreement, and then determine the legal nature of the marital property division agreement, the definition of the property division agreement in marriage, composition It is a necessary and essential tool to solve the legal problems. The concept is a necessary and necessary tool to solve the legal problems. Through the comprehensive summary of the connotation in the judicial practice of the property division agreement in our country, it is clear that the theory frame which conforms to the agreed property system of our husband and wife is the manifestation of the marital property system in our country. In the second part, the validity of the property division agreement in marriage mainly includes: the effect of the property change, the effect of the real right confrontation. The marital property division agreement leads to the marriage property division agreement. The effect of the change of real right and the effect of the real right antagonism have the particularity in the relationship between the internal and external. The law has to distinguish between the theory and the practice of the effect of the change of property right in the real right of the husband and wife (internal) and the security of the third party (external) right of real right confrontation. At the time of movement, the effect of the change of property right on the property that the husband and wife agreed on, must have legal effect in the internal relations of the parties, and the legal effect of the real right confrontation effect is only in the case of the conflict between the interests of the real right person and the third party of the transaction, and the problem to be solved is whether the change of the real right of property is outside the law. The relationship has the corresponding legal effect. That is, the effect of property change caused by the property division agreement in marriage is absolute, and the validity of the real right confrontation is possible. First, the article discusses the effect of the change of property right in the marriage property division agreement, through the type analysis of the effect of the change of property right in the marriage property division, and more deeply understand the marriage. The operation mode of the internal property division agreement in our country's judicial practice. Then it analyses the effect of the property right confrontation in the marital property division agreement and discusses its characteristics. The third part: through the comparison and analysis of the marital property system between China and the UK, the connotation of the British wife's agreed property system and the marital property in our country's practice are found. The application of the cut agreement is similar. The system system of the British husband and wife property system is complete, the whole system is careful and the practice is strong, and the legal property system of the legal type brings great convenience to the judicial practice. So we should take it as the corresponding theory of the husband and wife property system of our country. The fourth part explains the marriage in the judicial decision. The meaning of the internal property division agreement and the problems in the judicial application of the husband and wife in our country. The agreement on the division of property in marriage ensures the actual effect of the application of the marital property system in the social life of our country, and makes up for the legal blank of the separation system in the law of our country, and makes the husband and wife in the state of separation. Property relations can be solved by law. At the same time, the agreement on property division in marriage provides practical experience to update the property system of husband and wife in our country, and forms a "bottom-up" legislation and theory, which makes the property system of husband and wife in our country be constantly updated and perfected in practice with the change of society. However, because of lack of clear law, the property system of husband and wife in our country is constantly updated and perfected. There are some problems in practice. The fifth part: the opening of the "civil code era", the agreement on property division in marriage is of great significance to the improvement of the civil code and the marital property system. In the current more frontier, the legislative proposal of the marital property system is analyzed, and the shortcomings are found, and some suggestions are put forward in combination with the author's research on the marriage property division agreement in practice.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9
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本文编号：1899085