婚约解除后的彩礼返还问题

发布时间：2018-07-12 15:20

本文选题：婚约 + 彩礼　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：婚约是我国几千年来的婚嫁风俗。直至今日,这种传统习惯仍广泛流行于社会。彩礼是婚约现象应运而生的产物。然而,时代的不断发展和社会的日益变迁,居高不下的彩礼往往会因为婚约解除产生返还的纠纷,甚至引发恶性事件,不利于社会秩序的稳定。虽然,目前有我国最高院颁布的法律文件《婚姻法解释(二)》,作为彩礼纠纷相关问题的处理法律依据,使得在实际操作过程中,司法审判人员有了可靠的依据。但是,对于理论界争论的有关彩礼的法律属性问题,该条法律解释规定并没有进行比较全面的研究界定,而且彩礼返还规则的设置过于简单粗糙,在司法审判实际操作中发现很多问题和弊端,使得当事人极为不满,更是引发了许多社会争端矛盾。对于出现的这些彩礼问题,我们应该积极予以完善,有必要对彩礼的每个问题进行深入研究,这样不仅有利于缓解法官断案实践依据与法律的理论知识这两者的紧张关系,也有利于国家正式法之间与民间习惯鸿沟的弥合。从而提高司法判决中的彩礼纠纷案在社会的认可度,使得司法判决更好的达到其在法律效果和社会效果上的内在一致协调。本文按照提出问题、分析问题和解决问题这样的思维逻辑,对文章的结构进行了系统的排列。文章内容分为三大版块,第一版块为导论,正文为第二版块,最后一版块为结论。其中正文中包含以下四个部分:第一部分是对彩礼含义的界定。这一部分我们对彩礼的概念作了介绍,并对彩礼和其他一些相关概念的做了区分。第二部分是对彩礼给付行为的法律性质的讨论。这一部分内容主要通过对彩礼给付性质争议相关观点的简要介绍,表达了自己的观点。第三部分为彩礼返还制度的法理依据。主要从善良风俗和利益均衡两个原则着手分析。第四部分对我国当前彩礼返还的规则的不足及其带来的影响做了概述。第五部分为构建彩礼返还制度的立法建议。主要是通过上文中对我国彩礼制度的分析探讨,指出其存在的问题,进而提出的几点完善建议:明确彩礼范围的界定、引入过错责任制度、确立返还比例标准、明确诉讼时效及起算点、限制请求彩礼返还的请求权期限、明确未办理结婚登记时彩礼返还的情况。
[Abstract]:Marriage contract is the custom of marriage for thousands of years in our country. To this day, this traditional habit is still widespread in society. The bride price is the product of the marriage contract. However, with the development of the times and the changes of the society, the high bride price often leads to the disputes of return due to the dissolution of marriage contract, and even leads to vicious events, which is not conducive to the stability of social order. Although there is a legal document "interpretation of Marriage Law (2)" issued by the Supreme Court of our country at present, as the legal basis for handling the problems related to the bride price dispute, the judicial judge has a reliable basis in the actual operation process. However, as to the legal attribute of the bride price, which is controversial in the theoretical circle, the legal interpretation has not carried out a relatively comprehensive study and definition, and the setting of the rules for the return of the bride price is too simple and rough. Many problems and malpractices are found in the actual operation of judicial trial, which make the parties extremely dissatisfied and lead to many contradictions in social disputes. As to the problems of bride price, we should actively perfect them. It is necessary to conduct a thorough study on each issue of the bride price, which is not only conducive to alleviating the tension between the practical basis of the judge's adjudication and the theoretical knowledge of the law. It also helps to bridge the gap between the formal law of the country and the folk custom. In order to improve the recognition of the dispute in the judicial decision in the society, make the judicial decision better to achieve its legal effect and social effect on the internal consistent coordination. According to the thinking logic of problem raising, problem analysis and problem solving, this paper systematically arranges the structure of the article. The content of this paper is divided into three sections: the first is the introduction, the text is the second, and the last is the conclusion. The text contains the following four parts: the first part is the definition of the meaning of the bride price. In this part, we introduce the concept of bride price and distinguish it from other related concepts. The second part is the discussion of the legal nature of the act of giving the bride price. This part mainly introduces the views about the nature of the bride price payment. The third part is the legal basis of the bride price return system. Mainly from the good customs and interests balance two principles to begin to analyze. The fourth part summarizes the deficiency and influence of the current rules of bride price return in our country. The fifth part is the legislative suggestion of constructing the return system of bride price. Mainly through the above analysis of China's bride price system, points out its existing problems, and then puts forward several suggestions: define the scope of the bride price, introduce the fault liability system, establish the return ratio standard. It is clear that the limitation of action and the starting point, the limitation of the time limit for requesting the return of the bride price, and the situation of the return of the bride price when the marriage is not registered.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.9

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