银行卡消费者权益保护法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 18:19

本文关键词： 银行卡消费者权益保护途径立法模式　出处：《湖南大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 银行卡是一种支付工具和信用凭证,具有方便、安全和高效的优越性。银行卡可分为信用卡、储值卡和借记卡。常见的银行卡使用方式有POS、ATM等。近年来,我国银行卡发卡业务发展迅速,但这却并未带来银行卡业务的繁荣。其原因是,由于银行卡的虚拟性、电子性、及其出现时间的短期性,与传统的信用凭证或支付工具相比,银行卡消费者的权益比一般消费者更容易受到侵害,具体有以下几种情形:银行制定的格式条款让消费者无从选择、银行不与消费者商量擅自收年费、商家拒绝消费者刷卡等。为了消除银行卡交易对消费者权益的种种限制和剥夺,同时由于银行卡消费者在使用银行卡时处于主导地位及弱者地位,我们必须对银行卡消费者权益进行保护,以促进银行卡业务的健康快速发展。由于银行卡交易的特殊性,其消费者的具体权利较一般消费者也有所不同,除了一般的权利之外,还包括隐私权、知情权、消费信用权、平等获得信贷权、合同撤销权以及抗辩权等。国际上对银行卡消费者权益的保护有两种基本模式,一是制定相关的专门法,以美国为代表;另一种是依赖商业惯例,以英国为代表。由于美国银行法体系在世界上处于领先水平,其对银行卡交易各方基本权利义务的规定,如持卡人的保护、银行的风险承担、特约商户的风险责任等等,也值得我们借鉴。另外,由于银行卡交易中不合理格式条款的存在也侵犯了消费者的权益,因此对格式条款的规制构成对银行卡消费者保护的一个重要途径。目前我国立法对于银行卡消费者权益的保护还很不够,无论是法律法规还是行业管理规范都有所欠缺,对银行卡消费者起不到应有的保护作用。因此,根据中国的国情,可借鉴美国的保护模式,尽快完善我国小额电子资金划拨方面的立法,其中重点应关注银行卡消费者特殊权利体系的构筑、未经授权的资金划拨责任划分、证明责任的确定、因第三方过错造成的终极法律责任的承担等内容。
[Abstract]:Bank card is a kind of payment tool and credit certificate, which has the advantages of convenience, security and efficiency. Bank card can be divided into credit card, stored value card and debit card. In recent years, China's bank card business has developed rapidly, but this has not brought about the prosperity of bank card business. The reason is that the bank card is fictitious, electronic and short-term. Compared with traditional credit documents or payment tools, bank card consumers' rights and interests are more vulnerable to infringement than the average consumer. The bank does not discuss with the consumer to collect the annual fee without authorization, the merchant refuses the consumer to brush the card and so on. In order to eliminate the bank card transaction to the consumer rights and interests each kind of restriction and the deprivation. At the same time, because the bank card consumer is in the dominant position and the weak position when using the bank card, we must protect the bank card consumer's rights and interests. In order to promote the healthy and rapid development of bank card business. Due to the particularity of bank card transactions, the specific rights of consumers are also different, in addition to the general rights, but also includes the right to privacy, the right to know. Consumer credit right, equal access to credit right, contract cancellation right and defense right and so on. There are two basic models for the protection of consumers' rights and interests of bank cards in the world, one is to formulate relevant special laws, represented by the United States; The other is dependent on business practices, represented by the United Kingdom. Because the United States banking law system is in the leading level in the world, its provisions on the basic rights and obligations of the parties to bank card transactions, such as the protection of cardholders. The risk assumption of the bank, the risk responsibility of the special merchants, and so on, are also worthy of our reference. In addition, the existence of unreasonable format clauses in bank card transactions also infringes on the rights and interests of consumers. Therefore, the regulation of format clauses constitutes an important way to protect bank card consumers. At present, the legislation of our country is not enough to protect the rights and interests of bank card consumers, whether laws or regulations or industry management norms are lacking, the bank card consumers can not play a due protection role. According to the national conditions of China, we can learn from the protection mode of the United States, and improve the legislation on the transfer of small electronic funds as soon as possible, among which we should focus on the construction of the special right system of bank card consumers. The responsibility division of unauthorized fund transfer, the determination of the burden of proof, the ultimate legal liability caused by the fault of the third party and so on.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D923.8;D922.28

【引证文献】