论减刑裁判标准的统一暨减刑规范化体系的建立--基于全国350份减刑文书中不予减刑理由的差异性分析

发布时间：2018-11-17 09:07

【摘要】：人民法院四五改革纲要(2014—2018)明确要求完善法律统一适用机制。刑罚执行统一是司法公平、公正的内在本质要求,亦是法律统一适用的题中之义。综观目前我国减刑、假释案件的审理,地域化差异明显。减刑作为刑罚执行制度的重要组成部分,应逐步统一适用,这也是巩固量刑规范化成果的必要保证。法院裁量减刑,不仅要审查罪犯服刑期间的改造表现,还要审查其原犯罪具体情况及财产判项履行等情况。目前在理论研究及司法实践中,尚缺少对上述几个因素在裁量减刑时所起作用的统一性把握,导致一定程度上存在减刑地域化差别,影响了法律统一适用。本文通过对全国30个中级人民法院350份裁定不予减刑文书进行分析,以现行法律、司法解释规定的减刑条件为依据,通过对裁量减刑时应考量的各种因素所起作用的归纳,将需要考查的因素分为决定因素与影响因素,并对二者范围进行了初步界定;通过赋予各种影响减刑因素不同的权重,即决定因素可以决定对罪犯是否减刑,影响因素影响罪犯减刑幅度,采取定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,探索构建减刑规范量化模型,使量刑规范化与减刑规范化并举,为刑罚执行统一的理论研究与实务操作提供些许推动。
[Abstract]:The four-five-year Reform Program of the people's Court (2014-2018) explicitly calls for the perfection of the unified application mechanism of the law. The unification of penalty execution is the intrinsic requirement of judicial fairness and justice, and is also the meaning of the uniform application of law. At present, the trial of commutation and parole cases in China has obvious regional differences. As an important part of penalty execution system, commutation should be gradually applied uniformly, which is also the necessary guarantee to consolidate the achievements of sentencing standardization. The court should not only review the reform performance of the criminals during their sentence, but also examine the actual situation of the original crime and the performance of the property judgment and so on. At present, in the theoretical research and judicial practice, the lack of the above factors in the discretion of the role of the unity of the role of commutation, resulting in a certain degree of regional differences in commutation, affecting the unified application of the law. Based on the analysis of 350 documents in 30 intermediate people's courts in China that do not grant commutation of sentence, and based on the conditions of commutation stipulated by the current law and judicial interpretation, this paper sums up the functions of various factors that should be considered in the course of discretionary commutation. The factors that need to be examined are divided into decisive factors and influencing factors, and the scope of the two factors is preliminarily defined. By giving different weights to various factors affecting the commutation of sentence, that is, the decisive factors can decide whether to commute the criminal's sentence, and the influencing factors can influence the extent of the commutation of the criminal's sentence, and adopt the method of combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis. This paper explores the construction of a quantitative model of commutation norms, which makes the standardization of sentencing and the standardization of commutation simultaneously, and provides some impetus for the unified theoretical research and practical operation of penalty execution.
【作者单位】：清华大学;北京市第一中级人民法院;
【分类号】：D924.1

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