我国环境污染犯罪刑事立法研究
发布时间：2019-06-14 00:33
【摘要】：环境污染犯罪是我国环境犯罪的一个重要组成部分,根据我国现有的罪名体系,环境污染犯罪的罪名一共有三个：污染环境罪、非法处置进口的固体废物罪、擅自进口固体废物罪。环境污染犯罪是指自然人或单位,违反环境保护法规,足以造成或已经造成重大环境污染,应受刑罚处罚的行为。环境污染犯罪具有以下四个特点：一是危害后果的潜伏性；二是危害程度的无可估量性,甚至是灾难性的；三是量刑标准的行政依附性；四是危害行为的社会容忍性。面对日益严重的环境污染犯罪及污染犯罪形式的多样化,现有的环境污染刑事立法已不能应对,主要表现为罪名体系的不完备、刑罚较轻、未设置环境犯罪危险犯和没引入严格责任,导致很多环境污染行为游离犯罪之外,得不到应有的惩罚,刑法的预防目的实现不了。基于此,本文根据现有的刑法理论,借鉴国外立法经验,提出了完善环境犯罪刑事立法体系的措施,包括重构立法体系、增加危险犯、有条件的引入严格责任、完善刑罚体系,以期强化刑法保护环境的作用。
[Abstract]:The crime of environmental pollution is an important part of the environmental crime of our country. According to the existing crime system of our country, there are three charges of the crime of environmental pollution: the crime of polluting the environment, the crime of illegal disposal of imported solid waste, and the crime of importing solid waste without authorization. The crime of environmental pollution refers to the act of natural person or unit that violates the laws and regulations of environmental protection and is sufficient to cause or has caused major environmental pollution and should be punished by penalty. The crime of environmental pollution has the following four characteristics: one is the latent nature of harm consequences; the other is the inestimable or even catastrophic degree of harm; the third is the administrative dependence of sentencing standards; the fourth is the social tolerance of harmful behavior. In the face of the increasingly serious environmental pollution crime and the diversification of the form of pollution crime, the existing criminal legislation of environmental pollution can no longer deal with it, which is mainly manifested in the incomplete charge system, the light penalty, the failure to set up the dangerous crime of environmental crime and the failure to introduce strict liability, which leads to the lack of proper punishment in addition to the free crime of many environmental pollution acts, and the prevention purpose of criminal law can not be achieved. Based on this, according to the existing criminal law theory and drawing lessons from the legislative experience of foreign countries, this paper puts forward some measures to perfect the criminal legislation system of environmental crime, including reconstructing the legislative system, increasing dangerous crimes, introducing strict liability conditional, perfecting the penalty system, in order to strengthen the role of criminal law in protecting the environment.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.36
本文编号：2498951
[Abstract]:The crime of environmental pollution is an important part of the environmental crime of our country. According to the existing crime system of our country, there are three charges of the crime of environmental pollution: the crime of polluting the environment, the crime of illegal disposal of imported solid waste, and the crime of importing solid waste without authorization. The crime of environmental pollution refers to the act of natural person or unit that violates the laws and regulations of environmental protection and is sufficient to cause or has caused major environmental pollution and should be punished by penalty. The crime of environmental pollution has the following four characteristics: one is the latent nature of harm consequences; the other is the inestimable or even catastrophic degree of harm; the third is the administrative dependence of sentencing standards; the fourth is the social tolerance of harmful behavior. In the face of the increasingly serious environmental pollution crime and the diversification of the form of pollution crime, the existing criminal legislation of environmental pollution can no longer deal with it, which is mainly manifested in the incomplete charge system, the light penalty, the failure to set up the dangerous crime of environmental crime and the failure to introduce strict liability, which leads to the lack of proper punishment in addition to the free crime of many environmental pollution acts, and the prevention purpose of criminal law can not be achieved. Based on this, according to the existing criminal law theory and drawing lessons from the legislative experience of foreign countries, this paper puts forward some measures to perfect the criminal legislation system of environmental crime, including reconstructing the legislative system, increasing dangerous crimes, introducing strict liability conditional, perfecting the penalty system, in order to strengthen the role of criminal law in protecting the environment.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.36
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