论湿地保护的法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 00:22

本文选题：湿地　切入点：湿地保护　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：湿地,也即“地球之肾”,在地球的生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用,具有不可替代的价值和功能,不仅为人类生活提供大量的资源,为自然生物的生存和活动也提供了良好的场所,湿地还可以进行气候调节,维持气候基本稳定,可以说湿地对自然界以及人类做出了巨大的贡献,并因此成为了人类利用的主要资源之一,但无度利用,又导致湿地破坏严重,随着湿地问题的日益凸显,湿地保护成为了各国不约而同的措施,国外一些发达国家保护意识形成较早,其保护措施也比较全面,其他国家也在积极探索各种保护措施并加以实施,足以见得各国的保护意识正在逐渐加强,像美国、澳大利亚、英国等国家在湿地保护上制定了专门法律,并倡导国民积极进行湿地保护工作,在这种情况下,湿地当然得到了很好的保护,这是湿地保护工作的可观方面,为其他欠缺湿地保护意识和保护措施的国家树立了很好的榜样。目前湿地保护已经成为了许多国家保护自然资源不可缺少的措施,通过将湿地定位为本国重要的资源进行保护,并且取得了令人瞩目的成绩。湿地保护意识基本形成的标志是《湿地公约》的制定,其对湿地进行了明确规定,该公约的制定促进了湿地保护意识的加强,地球湿地资源进而逐渐得到保护,破坏程度相较于以前也大大减弱,然而,和域外发达国家相比,我国湿地的保护意识有待提高,相关部门和公众对于保护湿地的重视程度不足,湿地保护工作指导规范不健全,国家在湿地方面的工作不到位,没有专门法律来规范湿地,直接导致公众湿地保护意识不强,因此,我国需要加强湿地保护意识,规范湿地保护工作,以保护我国的湿地资源不被破坏。从湿地的基本情况来看,湿地资源的严重破坏决定了其急需被保护,湿地保护工作也需要规范,本文通过论述湿地的自身价值和湿地保护的紧迫性,以及我国湿地保护面临的困境,从我国湿地保护制度的不健全出发,再参照相关发达国家的成功经验,主要运用了比较研究的方法,通过比较国际社会的湿地保护方式和我国的湿地保护方式,总结出我国法律制度的不足以及外国发达国家的有效经验,分析我国法律制定的必要性和所含条件的可行性,最后,在参考外国经验的基础上,提出完善适合我国基本法律制度的建议。
[Abstract]:Wetlands, also known as the "kidneys of the Earth", play a vital role in the Earth's ecosystem, have irreplaceable values and functions, and provide not only a great deal of resources for human life, It also provides a good place for the survival and activities of natural organisms. Wetlands can also regulate the climate and maintain the basic stability of the climate. It can be said that wetlands have made great contributions to nature and human beings. As a result, it has become one of the main resources used by human beings, but the excessive utilization has led to the serious destruction of wetlands. With the increasingly prominent wetland problem, wetland protection has become a common measure in all countries. The protection consciousness of some developed countries was formed earlier, and its protection measures were also relatively comprehensive. Other countries are actively exploring various protection measures and implementing them. It is enough to see that the protection consciousness of various countries is gradually strengthening, such as the United States and Australia. Britain and other countries have formulated special laws on wetland protection, and advocated the people to actively carry out wetland protection work. In this case, wetlands of course have been well protected, which is a considerable aspect of wetland protection work. It has set a good example for other countries that lack awareness and measures for wetland conservation. Wetland conservation has now become an indispensable measure for many countries to protect natural resources by positioning wetlands as important national resources, The basic symbol of wetland conservation consciousness is the establishment of the Convention on Wetlands, which clearly stipulates the wetland, and the establishment of the Convention promotes the strengthening of wetland conservation consciousness. The wetland resources of the earth are gradually protected, and the degree of destruction is much weaker than before. However, compared with the overseas developed countries, the awareness of wetland protection in our country needs to be improved. The relevant departments and the public pay less attention to the protection of wetland, the guidance of wetland protection is not perfect, the national work in wetland is not in place, and there is no special law to regulate wetland, which directly leads to the lack of public awareness of wetland protection. Therefore, our country needs to strengthen the consciousness of wetland protection, standardize the wetland protection work, in order to protect our wetland resources from being destroyed. From the basic situation of wetland, the serious destruction of wetland resources determines its urgent need to be protected. Wetland protection also needs to be standardized. This paper discusses the value of wetland and the urgency of wetland protection, as well as the plight of wetland protection in China, starting from the unsound wetland protection system in China. Then, referring to the successful experiences of the developed countries concerned, we mainly use the method of comparative research, by comparing the wetland conservation methods of the international community and the wetland protection methods of our country. Summing up the deficiency of our country's legal system and the effective experience of foreign developed countries, analyzing the necessity of our country's law making and the feasibility of the conditions contained therein, finally, on the basis of referring to foreign experience, Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the basic legal system of our country.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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