论消防执法中行政自由裁量权的监控

发布时间：2018-07-27 09:32

【摘要】：行政自由裁量权是行政权的重要内容，合理运用行政自由裁量权对于实现行政目标、维护社会秩序、保护公共利益和个人权益具有重要意义。对于消防执法来说，行政自由裁量权的意义同样重要，不管是在行政许可、行政处罚还是在行政强制中都涉及到了使用行政自由裁量权的问题，合理的运用好行政自由裁量权能够弥补法律规定的不足、有效的发挥执法者的主观能动性，，从而有效的提高行政效率并实现消防执法的目的。但是由于受到外部环境和制度缺陷等不利因素的影响，再加上行政权力本身的易受腐蚀性，因此消防执法行政自由裁量权存在着被滥用可能。因此，既要承认行政自由裁量权对于消防执法的重要作用，又要看到一旦行政自由裁量权被不当使用时可能造成的危害。因此，必须加强制度建设，强化对消防执法行政自由裁量权的监控，发挥其积极作用并且有效的限制其危害，从而最终促进消防执法目的的实现。我国在加强对消防执法行政自由裁量权监控的制度建设方面也进行了许多有益的探索，一方面在消防执法部门外部通过完善立法、建立行政监察体制以及行政诉讼和行政复议等救济手段对消防执法行政自由裁量权加以监控，另一方面又通过加强执法制度建设、强化内部监督以及提升执法者素质等手段从消防执法部门内部着手对消防执法行政自由裁量权加以监控。虽然这些方法和手段能够在一定程度上降低消防执法行政自由裁量权被滥用的风险，但是依然存在许多的问题和漏洞，不能全面的对消防执法行政自由裁量权进行监控。因此，笔者建议应当建立系统的消防执法行政自由裁量权监控体系，包括立法监控、司法监控、行政监控等多方面，而且我国的实际情况从发，还要重点强化行政监控制度的建设。只有这样，才能全面有效地规制消防执法行政自由裁量权的运作，实现依法行政。
[Abstract]:Administrative discretion is an important content of administrative power. The rational use of administrative discretion is of great significance to the realization of the administrative target, the maintenance of social order, the protection of public interest and the rights and interests of the individual. It involves the use of administrative discretion, the rational use of administrative discretion can make up for the lack of legal provisions, effectively play the subjective initiative of the law enforcement, thus effectively improve the administrative efficiency and achieve the purpose of fire enforcement. The influence of the element and the easily corrosiveness of the administrative power itself, so the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement is likely to be abused. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the important role of the administrative discretion in the fire law enforcement, and also to see the possible harm of the administrative discretion in the case of improper use of the power. Therefore, it must be coercive. Degree construction, strengthen the control of the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement, play its active role and effectively limit its harm, and ultimately promote the realization of the purpose of the law enforcement.
Our country has also carried out a lot of beneficial exploration in strengthening the system construction of the supervisory control of the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement. On the one hand, the other side, on the other hand, monitors the administrative discretion of the fire fighting law by perfecting the legislation, establishing the administrative supervision system and the administrative litigation and administrative reconsideration. By strengthening the construction of the law enforcement system, strengthening the internal supervision and improving the quality of the law enforcement, it will begin to monitor the discretion of the fire law enforcement administration from the interior of the fire law enforcement department. Although these methods and means can reduce the risk of the abuse of the fire law enforcement administration from the discretion to a certain extent, it still remains. In many problems and loopholes, we can not monitor the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement. Therefore, the author suggests that the system should be set up to monitor the administrative discretion of the fire law enforcement system, including legislative monitoring, judicial monitoring, administrative monitoring and so on, and the actual situation in China is from the issue, and the emphasis should be given to strengthening the administrative monitoring. Only in this way can we fully and effectively regulate the operation of the administrative discretion of fire enforcement and realize the administration according to law.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.14

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