基于铜产业链的国际贸易隐含碳转移研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 05:11

本文关键词： 国际贸易铜产业链隐含碳网络　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：铜矿及其产品贸易作为全球货物贸易的重要组成部分,为世界各国经济发展提供了坚实的物质基础,但国际贸易中隐含的碳转移也使各国面临着碳排放问题。随着各国贸易与世界贸易市场联系日益紧密,贸易碳减排也逐渐受到关注,成为学术界研究的热点问题之一。本文以产业经济学、复杂网络理论作为研究基础,结合产业链中的铜精矿贸易和精炼铜贸易,对铜精矿与精炼铜国际贸易现状及其隐含碳转移进行研究。本文选取了联合国统计司(UN comtrade)中的铜精矿贸易数据和精炼铜贸易数据,数据时间的选取范围为2007年到2014年;美国橡树岭国家实验室给定的碳排放系数;中国铜精矿生产能源消耗值和铜冶炼能源消耗值;国内生产总值(GDP)数据取值于国际货币基金组织。首先阐述了铜精矿和精炼铜的国际贸易现状,其次采用贸易量、能源消耗系数和碳排放系数对两者国际贸易中的隐含碳进行了测算,结果表明铜精矿和精炼铜国际贸易中存在大量多余的碳排放,中国铜精矿对外依存度与当前报告中的数值存在偏差,即中国不需要进口大量铜精矿以加工成精炼铜出口至其他国家。再者,运用复杂网络方法构建铜矿石和精炼铜(ECCR)净贸易隐含碳转移网络,分析贸易结构、净贸易隐含碳转移流向和隐含碳转移强度。结果显示中国、德国和美国是净进口国,智利、秘鲁和赞比亚是净出口国。此外,能源政策或紧急事件的发生可能是影响资源型国家贸易量的主要因素,全球经济事件是影响进口国贸易量的主要因素。结合每个国家的经济情况,还分析了贸易国家的隐含碳转移强度,结果表明不同类型国家的碳转移强度明显不同,一些发达国家碳转移强度的演变规律与一些发展中国家相似。最后,对中国铜精矿和精炼铜国际贸易发展现状、隐含碳转移情况进行了分析,进而得出中国铜精矿和精炼铜国际贸易中存在的对外依存度高、进出口贸易国家单一、进出口结构不合理问题,从而针对问题提出了中国铜精矿和精炼铜国际贸易低碳化改善建议。本文构建的铜矿石和精炼铜(ECCR)净贸易隐含碳转移网络为研究国际贸易中隐含碳排放提供了一种分析途径,研究结果为铜精矿和精炼铜贸易国家优化贸易结构及碳减排决策的制定产生了一定的参考作用,也为其他国际贸易碳排放的研究提供了新的视角和研究基础。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the global trade in goods, copper mine and its products trade provide a solid material basis for the economic development of all countries in the world. However, the implied carbon transfer in international trade also makes countries face the problem of carbon emissions. With the increasingly close relationship between trade and the world trade market, carbon emission reduction in trade has been gradually concerned. This paper takes industrial economics and complex network theory as the research foundation, combining the copper concentrate trade and refined copper trade in the industrial chain. The present situation of international trade in copper concentrate and refined copper and its implied carbon transfer are studied. In this paper, the data of copper concentrate trade and refined copper trade are selected. The selection range of data time is from 2007 to 2014; The carbon emission factor given by Oak Ridge National Laboratory; China copper concentrate production energy consumption value and copper smelting energy consumption value; The gross domestic product (GDP) data are based on the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Firstly, the current situation of international trade in copper concentrate and refined copper is described, and then the volume of trade is adopted. The energy consumption coefficient and carbon emission coefficient are used to measure the implied carbon in the international trade. The results show that there are a lot of excess carbon emissions in the international trade of copper concentrate and refined copper. There is a deviation between the external dependence of Chinese copper concentrates and the current report, that is, China does not need to import a large amount of copper concentrate to be processed into refined copper for export to other countries. Using the complex network method to construct the net trade implied carbon transfer network of copper ore and refined copper ore, analyze the trade structure, net trade implied carbon transfer flow and implied carbon transfer intensity. The results show that China. Germany and the United States are net importers, Chile, Peru and Zambia are net exporters. In addition, energy policies or emergencies may be the main factors affecting the volume of trade of resource-based countries. Global economic events are the main factors affecting the volume of trade of importing countries. Combined with the economic situation of each country, the implied carbon transfer intensity of trading countries is also analyzed. The results show that the carbon transfer intensity of different types of countries is obviously different, and the evolution law of carbon transfer intensity in some developed countries is similar to that in some developing countries. Finally, the current situation of international trade in copper concentrate and refined copper in China is discussed. Based on the analysis of implied carbon transfer, it is concluded that the foreign dependence of China's copper concentrate and refined copper in international trade is high, the country of import and export trade is single, and the structure of import and export is unreasonable. Therefore, suggestions for improving the low carbonization of China's copper concentrate and refined copper in international trade are put forward. The copper ore and refined copper (ECCR) are constructed in this paper. Net trade implied carbon transfer networks provide an analytical approach to the study of implied carbon emissions in international trade. The results provide a reference for the optimization of trade structure and decision making of carbon emission reduction in copper concentrate and refined copper trading countries, and also provide a new perspective and research basis for the study of carbon emissions in other international trade.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X196;F416.32;F742

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