基于需求侧响应的实时电价建模及分析

发布时间：2018-02-12 20:16

本文关键词： 智能电网需求响应实时电价积分制需求弹性　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的发展进步,电力在社会经济中的地位越来越重要,尤其进入信息技术革命之后,电力已经成为人们的日常生活工作中必不可少的一部分。电力市场健康、稳定、可持续的发展为人们的工作生活提供了保障。进入二十世纪七十年代之后,为应对日益增长的电力需求,世界各国纷纷进行电力市场改革,转变原来的国家“生产-传输-销售”垂直一体的垄断经营模式,在电力市场中引入竞争元素。2002年我国进行电力体制改革,提出“抓住中间、放开两头”的改革策略,即放开发电市场与售电市场,抓住电网传输这个中间环节。鼓励民间资本进入发电和售电市场,开发多种形式的发电与售电方式。智能电网的发展为电力市场的改革注入了新的活力,智能电网智能的整合了发电商、传输电网、零售商及用户各方的利益,寻求社会效益的最大化,为电力市场各环节的改革提供了技术支持。智能电表和能源管理系统是实施需求响应的技术基础,零售商与用户的积极参与是实施需求响应的最终目标。本文主要研究需求响应中实时电价对用户用电行为的影响。首先介绍了需求响应的概念及其分类,以及国内外需求响应的发展历程及现状,并进行了对比分析。其次建立了基于零售侧和需求侧效益的目标优化模型,以零售商利益和用户效用之和最大化为目标函数,限制条件中加入需求弹性及用户的响应程度,代入加拿大安大略省的实时用电量数据进行数值模拟,分析在没有补贴机制下的实时电价对用户用电行为的影响,结果显示用户会随着电价的波动改变自己的用电行为来减少电费支出,用户的响应程度影响零售商的利益及电力系统的稳定性。第三建立了基于用户用电费用和满意度的单目标优化模型,以用户的用电费用和用电满意度之和最小化为目标函数,限制条件中加入需求弹性和积分制,利用江苏省某县的实时用电量数据进行数值模拟,探求积分补贴下的实时电价对用户用电行为的影响。积分制的加入提高了用户参与需求响应的积极性,用户在考虑用电费用的同时达到电网负荷削峰填谷的目的。最后对全文的工作做了总结,为我国电力市场需求侧改革改革提出政策建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, electric power is becoming more and more important in the social economy. Especially after entering the information technology revolution, electric power has become an indispensable part of people's daily life. The sustainable development provides the guarantee for people's working life. After 1970s, in order to cope with the increasing demand for electricity, countries all over the world have carried out the reform of the electricity market one after another. In 2002, China carried out the reform of electric power system and put forward the reform strategy of "grasping the middle and opening the two ends", which changed the original monopoly mode of "production-transmission-sale" vertical integration in the country, and introduced the competitive element into the electricity market. That is, to open up the power generation market and the electricity sale market, to seize the intermediate link of transmission of the power grid, and to encourage private capital to enter the power generation and electricity sale markets. The development of smart grid has injected new vitality into the reform of power market. Smart grid intelligently integrates the interests of generators, transmission networks, retailers and users. In order to maximize social benefits, it provides technical support for the reform of various links in the electricity market. Intelligent ammeter and energy management system are the technical basis for implementing demand response. The active participation of retailers and users is the ultimate goal of implementing demand response. This paper mainly studies the effect of real time electricity price in demand response on user's electricity consumption behavior. Firstly, the concept and classification of demand response are introduced. The development history and current situation of demand response at home and abroad are analyzed. Secondly, the objective optimization model based on retail and demand-side benefits is established, which takes the sum of retailer benefits and user utility as the objective function. The demand elasticity and the response degree of the user are added to the restriction condition, and the real-time electricity consumption data in Ontario, Canada, are added to the numerical simulation to analyze the influence of the real-time electricity price without subsidy mechanism on the consumer's electricity consumption behavior. The results show that users will change their electricity behavior with the fluctuation of electricity price to reduce the cost of electricity. The response degree of the user affects the interests of the retailer and the stability of the power system. Thirdly, a single-objective optimization model based on the user's consumption cost and satisfaction is established. The objective function is to minimize the sum of the user's consumption cost and satisfaction. The demand elasticity and integral system are added to the restricted conditions, and the real time power consumption data of a county in Jiangsu Province are used to carry out numerical simulation. To find out the effect of the real time electricity price under the integral subsidy on the user's electricity consumption behavior. The addition of the integral system improves the enthusiasm of the user to participate in the demand response. At the same time, the users can reduce the peak load and fill the valley at the same time. Finally, the paper summarizes the work of the paper, and puts forward some policy suggestions for the reform of the demand side of our country's electricity market.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61

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