重庆制造业企业转型升级影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 04:22

本文关键词： 制造业企业转型升级影响因素　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济发展步入新常态和资源环境约束逐渐趋紧,传统的依靠资源消耗实现经济增长的弊端显露,因此,推动经济发展方式转型升级势在必行。经济转型升级依赖于微观企业的转型升级,尤以能源消耗和廉价劳动力为发展基础的制造业企业的转型升级更为现实和迫切。在全球分工格局中,重庆制造业依靠独特的区位优势和政策红利占据一席之地,为推动重庆经济发展和创造就业做出了重要贡献。但是,随着严厉的环保政策出台和资源禀赋逐步趋紧,重庆制造业发展的比较优势正逐渐消失,原有微薄的利润被攀升的劳动力成本和原材料价格所吞噬。此外,重庆制造业自身发展也存在诸多问题,如产品附加值低、零配件制造技术水平不高、自主创新能力较弱等。因此,研究影响重庆制造业企业转型升级的主要因素,对实现制造业转型升级和提高制造业企业发展质量至关重要,对推动重庆经济持续健康发展具有重要意义。基于上述现实背景,本文以重庆制造业企业为研究对象,采用理论和实证研究结合的方法,重点研究影响其转型升级的因素。(1)厘清企业转型、企业升级和企业转型升级的概念,回顾和梳理已有关于企业转型升级动因、风险、路径和衡量的文献,归纳总结与企业转型升级相关的理论。(2)以已有文献研究为基础,结合重庆制造业企业的现实情况,构建重庆制造业企业转型升级影响因素量表和重庆制造业企业转型升级效果评级量表;根据已有研究和理论基础,提出本文的研究假设(6个总假设和18个分假设),即经营环境、政府政策、企业创新能力、企业家才能、企业人力资本和企业资金积累分别对企业转型升级有影响。根据研究假设构建研究模型,设计重庆制造业企业转型升级影响因素调查问卷。(3)对问卷调查收集到的数据进行描述性分析和探索性因子分析,利用结构方程模型实证分析重庆制造业企业转型升级的影响因素。通过实证分析本文得出如下结论:(1)企业创新能力对重庆制造业企业转型升级的影响最显著,是重庆制造业企业转型升级最关键的因素,创新能力越强的企业越倾向于转型升级。(2)企业家才能和企业人力资本对重庆制造业企业转型升级的影响比较显著,是企业转型升级的关键因素。(3)企业资金积累对企业社会效益的提升没有显著的影响,但可以影响企业核心能力和企业动态能力的提升,即企业资金积累对企业转型升级存在较大部分影响。(4)经营环境对重庆制造业企业转型升级没有影响。(5)政府政策对企业转型升级的影响并不显著,甚至出现了一定的反向作用。为了顺利实现重庆制造业企业转型升级,本文根据上述研究结论提出如下对策建议:(1)增强企业创新能力,塑造企业核心竞争力;紧抓当前新一轮技术革命的浪潮和国家实施《中国制造2025》的机遇,从全球价值链的角度重新定位和规划企业的研发、制造、品牌营销等环节,合理引聘高端技术人才和研发人员,加大研发投入,提高企业的研发能力。把握一切与外资、龙头企业交流学习的机会,探索产品生产的核心技术,增强自主创新能力。(2)提升企业人力资本,充实企业智力资源;重庆制造业企业应建立合理的人才引聘机制,着力引聘高技术人才,用薪资待遇、奖励福利、企业文化等物质和情感办法留下研发人员;注重企业自身研发人员的培养,加强与高校等合作,提高本土研发人员的能力和水平。(3)培养企业家才能,引领企业转型升级;重庆制造业企业家应积极参加理论和实践的培训讲座,提升个人素质;同时企业家还应注重自身创新意识的培养,摒弃安于现状的消极思想,提高对市场和机会的识别能力;还应根据企业的发展逐步调整企业的管理模式。(4)政府要适时调整政策,营造良好的政策环境。政府应制定和出台完备的知识产权保护政策,严厉打击侵害制造业企业知识产权的行为,确保制造业企业实现“知识溢价”。政府应制定合理的产业规划政策,对于投入产出效率低下、环境污染严重的制造业企业应督促、引导和鼓励其转型升级,对主动淘汰落后产能推动转型升级的企业应给予一定的政策红利;同时,政府要创造有利于企业创新的政策环境,可以通过税收优惠和补贴等措施鼓励制造业企业增加企业的创新投入。
[Abstract]:With China's economic development has entered a new normal and resource and environmental constraints gradually tightened, to rely on traditional resource consumption revealed shortcomings to achieve economic growth and promote economic development mode transformation and upgrading is imperative. The transformation and upgrading of economic transformation and upgrading depends on the micro enterprise transformation and upgrading, especially in energy consumption and cheap labor as a basis for the development of manufacturing enterprises the more realistic and urgent. In the global division of labor, Chongqing manufacturing industry relies on the unique geographical advantages and the dividend policy to occupy a space for one person to create jobs, to promote economic development in Chongqing and has made important contributions. However, with the strict environmental protection policy and resource endowment gradually tightening, the comparative advantage of the manufacturing industry of Chongqing is gradually disappearing the original, swallowed up by the meager profits by rising labor costs and raw material prices. In addition, its development of manufacturing industry in Chongqing There are many problems, such as low value-added products, spare parts manufacturing technology level is not high, the ability of independent innovation is weak. Therefore, the main influence factors of Chongqing manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading of enterprises, it is of great importance for the realization of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and improve the quality of development of manufacturing enterprises, which is of great significance to promote the sustainable development of Chongqing economy. Based on the above background, this paper takes Chongqing manufacturing enterprises as the research object, using the method of combination of theoretical and empirical studies, focuses on the factors affecting its transformation and upgrading. (1) to clarify the concept of enterprise transformation and upgrading of enterprises, upgrading and restructuring of enterprises, reviewing and combing the existing motivation about upgrading, transformation of enterprise risk, and path to measure the literature summary and the transformation and upgrading of enterprises related theory. (2) to study the literature as the basis, combined with the reality of Chongqing manufacturing industry, heavy construction A manufacturing enterprise transformation upgrade effect rating scale transformation scale factor and the influence of manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing; according to the existing research and theoretical basis, this paper puts forward the research hypotheses (a total of 6 hypotheses and 18 sub hypotheses), namely business environment, government policies, enterprise innovation ability, entrepreneur ability, enterprise human capital enterprise and capital accumulation of the transformation and upgrading of enterprises affected. According to the research hypothesis, construct the research model, design of manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing influence factors questionnaire upgrade. (3) carry out descriptive analysis and exploratory factor analysis of survey data collected, analyzed using structural equation model, empirical transformation impact the upgrading of the manufacturing industry in Chongqing the factor of enterprises. Through empirical analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) the most significant influence on the innovation capability of enterprise transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing, Chongqing manufacturing enterprises The key factor of the transformation and upgrading, innovation capability is strong enterprises tend to upgrade. (2) affect entrepreneur human capital and enterprise transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing is significant, is a key factor in the transformation and upgrading of enterprises. (3) the enterprise capital accumulation has no significant effect on Corporate Social benefit but, can affect the enterprise's core competence and Dynamic Competence Promotion, namely the enterprise capital accumulation for the transformation of enterprises there is a big part of influence upgrade. (4) did not affect the transformation and upgrading of the business environment of manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing. (5) the government policy on the transformation and upgrading of enterprises is not significant, even a reverse effect. In order to successfully achieve the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises in Chongqing, according to the above research conclusion and puts forward the following suggestions: (1) to enhance the innovation ability of the enterprises, to shape the core competitiveness of enterprises; At present a new round of technological revolution and the national implementation of Chinese manufacturing 2025> opportunities, from the perspective of the global value chain re positioning and planning of corporate R & D, manufacturing, brand marketing and other aspects, reasonable engage high-end technical personnel and R & D personnel, increase investment in research and development, improve the enterprise's R & D capability. Grasp all the foreign. Leading enterprises in exchange of learning opportunities, explore the core technology of the production, enhance the ability of independent innovation. (2) improve the enterprise human capital, enrich the enterprise intellectual resources; Chongqing manufacturing enterprises should establish a reasonable talents employment mechanism, to engage with high technical personnel, salary, bonus and welfare, corporate culture and material the emotional way left researchers; to cultivate their own R & D personnel, strengthen cooperation with universities, improve the ability and level of domestic R & D personnel. (3) to develop entrepreneurs, leading enterprises The transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in Chongqing; entrepreneurs should actively participate in the theory and practice of training seminars, enhance the personal qualities; at the same time, entrepreneurs should pay attention to the cultivation of their creative consciousness, negative thoughts with abandon, improve on the market and opportunity recognition ability; also should gradually adjust the management mode of enterprise according to the enterprise development (4) government. To adjust policies to create a favorable policy environment. The government should formulate and promulgate the intellectual property protection policy complete, to crack down on violations of intellectual property rights of enterprises manufacturing behavior, ensure manufacturing enterprises to achieve "knowledge premium". The government should make reasonable planning industrial policy, for the input and output inefficiency, serious environmental pollution manufacturing enterprises should supervise, guide and encourage the transformation and upgrading, the initiative to eliminate backward production capacity to promote the transformation and upgrading of enterprises should be given the same dividend policy; At the time, the government should create a policy environment conducive to enterprise innovation, and encourage the manufacturing enterprises to increase their innovation investment through tax incentives and subsidies.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F425

【参考文献】