中国农村居民煤炭消费及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:36

本文选题：农村居民　切入点：煤炭消费　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：农村居民煤炭消费牵涉到农村居民生活方式与能源转型、北方供暖清洁化改革、大气污染治理等重大改革实践,如何准确理解和研判现有的农村居民煤炭消费现状,并进而识别出科学、有效的减煤措施,已成为改善农村居民能源结构、治理农村地区煤炭消费、改善北方地区大气质量的重要手段之一。然而,现有对农村居民煤炭消费的统计数据可能存在一定低估,基础性数据的匮乏与不足严重阻碍了科学研究和公共决策。为了准确了解我国农村居民煤炭消费的现状、特征与空间分布,本文采用第三次中国家庭能源消费调查数据对农村居民的煤炭消费进行了核算,并针对户均煤炭消费量和地区农村居民煤炭消费总量进行了比较,在此基础上还考察了气候差异、资源禀赋、收入水平等因素对农村居民煤炭需求的影响。研究结果表明,2014年中国农村居民生活用煤炭消费总量为6 585.7万tce,平均每户煤炭消费量为347.2 kgce,其中供暖用煤占比96.9%,烹饪用煤占比3.1%。各省的户均煤炭消费和煤炭消费总量呈现显著的空间差异,其中:东北、西部地区农村居民户均煤炭消费量显著高于其他地区,北京及周边的河北、山东、山西、内蒙、辽宁和天津7个省、市的农村居民共消费了全国55%的农村生活用煤,其中北京周边的河北、山东和山西三省农村居民消费了全国46.6%的农村煤炭消费。地区煤炭资源禀赋、农村居民住房面积与供暖用煤需求显著正相关,而冬季户外温度、居民收入水平同煤炭需求之间关系不显著。未来政府应通过改善农村居民民生需求、推动农村能源转型、提高农村能源统计水平等途径来有效治理农村散煤消费。
[Abstract]:Rural residents' coal consumption involves the transformation of rural residents' way of life and energy, the reform of heating and cleaning in the north, the treatment of air pollution, and other major reform practices. How to accurately understand and study the present situation of rural residents' coal consumption? And then identify scientific and effective coal reduction measures, which have become one of the important means to improve the energy structure of rural residents, to control coal consumption in rural areas, and to improve the atmospheric quality in northern China. The present statistical data of rural residents' coal consumption may be underestimated, and the lack and shortage of basic data seriously hinder scientific research and public decision-making. In order to understand accurately the present situation of rural residents' coal consumption in China, Based on the data of the third China Household Energy consumption Survey, this paper calculates the coal consumption of rural residents, and compares the total coal consumption between the household average coal consumption and the rural residents. On this basis, we also examined climate differences, resource endowments, The effect of income level on the coal demand of rural residents. The results show that the total consumption of coal for rural residents in 2014 is sixty-five million eight hundred and fifty-seven thousand tces. the average consumption of coal per household is 347.2 kgce. among which the proportion of coal for heating is 96.9. The coal consumption and the total coal consumption in each province show significant spatial differences. Of these, the coal consumption of rural residents in the northeast and western regions is significantly higher than that in other regions. Beijing and its neighboring seven provinces, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and Tianjin, The city's rural residents have consumed 55% percent of the country's rural coal for domestic use. Rural residents in Hebei, Shandong, and Shanxi provinces around Beijing have consumed 46.6% percent of the country's rural coal consumption. The regional coal resources endowment, There is a significant positive correlation between the housing area of rural residents and coal demand for heating, but there is no significant relationship between outdoor temperature, income level and coal demand in winter. In the future, the government should promote the transformation of rural energy through improving the livelihood needs of rural residents. Improve rural energy statistics and other ways to effectively control rural coal consumption.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学经济学院能源经济系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“居民能源需求管理”(批准号:71622014) 教育部人文社科基金“城镇化对家庭能源消费的影响”(批准号:16YJA790049) 北京市自然科学基金“北京市散煤治理政策对家庭居民用能行为和社会福利的影响研究”(批准号:9174037) 中央在京高校重大成果转化项目“京津冀协同一体化发展研究”
【分类号】：F426.21

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