中国转型期的食品安全治理——基于行为法经济学的分析

发布时间：2018-04-02 02:18

本文选题：食品安全　切入点：造假行为　出处：《中国工业经济》2017年01期

【摘要】：近年来,愈演愈烈的食品安全事故令人担忧。为什么在政府采取了多种手段进行治理后,食品行业的假冒伪劣产品仍然层出不穷?本文在更为贴近现实的行为法经济学分析框架下研究发现:企业的"短视认知偏差"会放大"造假冲动",使得企业生产更多的假冒伪劣产品,而且企业的造假行为具有"自我强化效应"和"互动传染效应",这些效应在不完善的制度环境中被进一步放大,形成"行业危机"。这更好地拟合了现实情况,有效弥补了新古典模型的分析缺陷。在行为法经济学视角下,即使不改变其他的制度,仅仅改变监管资源的分配,就可以取得更好的短期效果。针对企业的"短视认知偏差",通过设置"黑名单"和"累犯重罚"制度,重点监控"领队企业"、公司治理结构差的企业以及造假成本较低的行业等措施可以有效"锁定"企业的造假动机。短期治理措施和长期的制度调整之间具有"交叉加强效应",可以通过"多管齐下"的方式起到更好的治理效果。因此,应当采取短期治理措施和长期治理战略搭配,"长短兼顾、协同治理"的手段。本文的研究修正和弥补了传统分析中的不足,对当前食品安全治理和未来相关法律法规的修订与完善具有重要启示。
[Abstract]:In recent years, food safety accidents are becoming more and more worrying. Why is the fake and inferior products of the food industry still emerging after the government has taken various measures to deal with them? Under the framework of behavioral law and economics, which is closer to reality, this paper finds that the "short-sighted cognitive bias" will amplify the "fake impulse" and make the enterprise produce more fake and shoddy products. Moreover, the fraudulent behaviors of enterprises have "self-reinforcing effect" and "interactive contagion effect", which are further amplified in imperfect institutional environment and form "industry crisis". From the perspective of behavioral law economics, even if other institutions are not changed, only the allocation of regulatory resources can be changed. In view of the "short-sighted cognitive bias" of enterprises, by setting up "blacklist" and "recidivism heavy penalty" system, Focus on monitoring "leading enterprises", companies with poor corporate governance structure and low cost of counterfeiting industries and other measures can effectively "lock" the enterprise counterfeiters. Short-term governance measures and long-term system adjustment has a "cross" The fork-strengthening effect "can be improved through a multi-pronged approach." We should adopt short-term governance measures and long-term governance strategies, "long and short balance, coordinated governance" means. The research in this paper corrects and makes up for the shortcomings of traditional analysis. It has important enlightenment to the current food safety management and the revision and perfection of relevant laws and regulations in the future.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院;中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所;美国西密歇根大学Timothy
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目“中国地区间贸易壁垒对企业自主创新的影响研究:机制识别与政策选择”(批准号71303185) 教育部人文社会科学基金项目“中国地区间的贸易壁垒对企业自主创新影响的内在机理研究”(批准号13XJA790003) 陕西省社会科学基金项目“陕西省企业自主创新道路构建的政策调整研究”(批准号12D124)
【分类号】：D90-059;F426.82

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