基于出口国偏好的天然气进出口均衡价格策略

发布时间：2018-04-03 11:38

本文选题：出口国偏好　切入点：天然气进口　出处：《统计与信息论坛》2017年06期

【摘要】：天然气进口价格与国内销售价格是影响进口天然气获利的重要因素。将出口国偏好引入到天然气出口国的目标函数中,假设进口国的目标为谋求合理的国内天然气定价且使进口利润最大化,由此构建天然气出口国与进口国的主从博弈模型,并利用微分对策理论求得均衡情形下的天然气出口价格与进口国国内销售价格,结果表明:出口国对进口国具有较强的正偏好,可使进口国国内天然气价格降低、天然气销售利润和消费者剩余增加、价格趋于均衡的时间延长;进口国天然气市场需求对替代能源价格的交叉弹性较大时,天然气价格将以较快的速度趋于更低的均衡;进口国天然气价格相对于替代能源价格调整的速度较快时,天然气价格将以较慢的速度趋于更低的均衡,这两种情形都会提高进口国消费者剩余,但会使进口国天然气企业获利减少。进口国应该与出口国建立积极稳定的正偏好关系,这将有利其提升进口天然气的利润以及稳定国内市场。
[Abstract]:Natural gas import price and domestic sale price are the important factors that affect the profit of imported natural gas.The preference of exporting countries is introduced into the objective function of natural gas exporting countries, and assuming that the objective of importing countries is to seek reasonable domestic gas pricing and maximize import profits, a master-slave game model of natural gas exporting and importing countries is constructed.By using the differential game theory, the export price of natural gas and the domestic selling price of the importing country are obtained. The results show that the exporting country has a strong positive preference for the importing country, which can reduce the domestic natural gas price of the importing country.The profit of natural gas sales and consumer surplus increase, and the time of price equalization is prolonged. When the cross elasticity of natural gas market demand to the price of alternative energy is greater, the price of natural gas will tend to lower equilibrium at a faster speed.When the price of natural gas in the importing country adjusts faster than the price of alternative energy, the price of natural gas will tend to a lower equilibrium at a slower rate, both of which will increase the consumer surplus in the importing country.But it would reduce profits for gas companies in importing countries.Importing countries should have a positive and stable positive preference relationship with exporters, which would boost their profits from imported gas and stabilize the domestic market.
【作者单位】：重庆科技学院数理学院;重庆大学经济与工商管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目《地缘政治影响下天然气进口博弈及储备策略研究》(16BGL136) 国家自然科学基金项目《天然气资源的经济安全重大问题与对策研究》(71133007) 重庆市教委人文社会科学基金资助项目《天然气国际贸易中进口国竞争及最优进口策略研究》(14SK006)
【分类号】：F416.22;F746

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