最低工资标准能否抑制新僵尸企业的形成

发布时间：2018-04-10 01:23

本文选题：最低工资标准　切入点：僵尸企业处置　出处：《中国工业经济》2017年11期

【摘要】：在深化供给侧结构性改革及妥善处置僵尸企业过程中,谨防新僵尸企业形成与处置现有僵尸企业同等重要。本文基于1998—2007年中国工业企业数据、城市统计年鉴数据与城市最低工资数据,利用2004年中国《最低工资规定》颁布这一准自然实验,构建双重差分模型探讨最低工资标准对新僵尸企业形成的影响。研究表明,样本期内僵尸企业平均占比为13.92%;不同行业及不同所有制样本的僵尸企业占比存在明显差异;最低工资标准显著抑制了新僵尸企业的形成,且结果十分稳健。最低工资标准促使企业精简雇佣人员实现内部结构调整,提高企业生产率、利润率并降低企业负债率,从而抑制僵尸企业的形成;最低工资标准对异质企业新僵尸企业的形成具有不同影响,更大程度作用于劳动密集型行业企业及国有企业与民营企业;此外,最低工资标准还有利于对现有僵尸企业的妥善处置。政府应更多运用市场机制处置僵尸企业并进一步深化国有企业改革,促进社会资源的优化配置,推动中国经济的健康稳定发展。
[Abstract]:In the process of deepening supply-side structural reform and properly handling zombie enterprises, it is equally important to guard against the formation of new zombie enterprises as well as to deal with existing zombie enterprises.Based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2007, urban statistical yearbook data and urban minimum wage data, this paper makes use of the 2004 China minimum wage regulations to promulgate this quasi-natural experiment.To explore the influence of minimum wage on the formation of new zombie enterprises.The study shows that the average proportion of zombie enterprises in the sample period is 13.92; the proportion of zombie enterprises in different industries and different ownership samples has obvious difference; the minimum wage standard has significantly inhibited the formation of new zombie enterprises, and the results are very stable.The minimum wage standard urges the enterprise to reduce the employment personnel to realize the internal structure adjustment, enhances the enterprise productivity, the profit margin and reduces the enterprise debt ratio, thus restrains the zombie enterprise formation;The minimum wage has different effects on the formation of new zombie enterprises in heterogeneous enterprises, and to a greater extent in labor-intensive industries, state-owned enterprises and private enterprises.The minimum wage also facilitates proper disposal of existing zombie businesses.The government should make more use of market mechanism to deal with zombie enterprises, deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises, promote the optimal allocation of social resources, and promote the healthy and stable development of Chinese economy.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学商学院;清华大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“异质企业框架下贸易自由化的福利效应评估与福利增进型贸易政策研究”(批准号71573278);国家自然科学基金青年项目“垄断竞争框架下进口贸易利得的测算及其在中国贸易实践中的应用研究”(批准号71203239) 中国人民大学2015年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划成果
【分类号】：F272.92;F425

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