大庆油田第N采油厂采油成本控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 00:38

  本文选题：采油厂　切入点：采油成本　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油天然气行业是一个具有特殊性的重要行业,其产品作为重要的国家战略物资之一,它的生产经营情况直接影响着国家经济发展。从2014年6月份开始,原油价格大幅下跌,世界原油价格未来具有很大的不确定性。为了适应我国经济的快速发展中石油公司进行了重组,同时为了把企业做大做强并具有跨国经营理念,还不断引入了市场竞争机制。然而由于受到不可再生的行业特征限制导致油气田开发难度起来越大,同时随着原材料价格上升、外部竞争越发激烈,还有老油田产量递减,这些都使得的企业的成本不断升高导致压力越来越高,随着企业的不断发展成本压缩的空间也就变得越来越小。由此可以看出,当前对于油企要确保不断提高原油开采效率和资金使用率,这样才能达到低投入高产出的目的,从而降低企业成本使得企业具有更强的市场竞争力,而成本控制就是完成这一目标的重要手段之一。本文主要通过结合成本控制的实践经验,介绍了采油厂现有的成本控制方法,特别针对第N采油厂的现状,提出如何从管理理念、管理体制、技术层面和激励措施等方面全面提升采油成本控制水平。论文共有五部分组成。首先,介绍了本文的研究背景,阐述了题目的研究意义,分析了国内外研究现状,提出了研究思路与研究;其次,介绍了成本控制的相关基础理论,主要介绍了成本控制的概念及意义、成本控制内容、成本控制方法、成本控制原则;再次,对第N采油厂成本控制现状进行分析,通过分析了第N采油厂采油成本构成以及各项成本2012年~2016年近五年变化趋势,论述了采油厂成本控制现状;然后,对第N采油厂成本控制存在的问题进行了深入分析,先后分析了耗能控制不力、员工费用偏高、产能投入与成本控制的矛盾日益突出、成本控制重点不明确、成本控制监管执行不够,通过分析研究总结了现有成本控制所存在的问题;最后,针对第N采油厂目前成本控制的实际情况提出相应对策,旨在有效地降低原油采出成本,提高企业竞争力。
[Abstract]:Oil and gas industry is an important industry with particularity, its products as one of the important national strategic materials, its production and operation directly affect the national economic development.Crude oil prices have fallen sharply since June 2014 and there is considerable uncertainty about the future of world crude oil prices.In order to adapt to the rapid development of China's economy, petroleum companies have been reorganized, and in order to make the enterprises bigger and stronger and have the concept of transnational management, the market competition mechanism has been continuously introduced.However, because of the limitation of non-renewable industry characteristics, the development of oil and gas fields becomes more difficult, and with the price of raw materials rising, the external competition becomes more intense, and the production of old oil fields decreases.All these make the cost of the enterprise rising and leading to higher and higher pressure, with the continuous development of the enterprise, the space of cost compression becomes smaller and smaller.From this, we can see that at present, for oil enterprises, we should ensure that the efficiency of crude oil production and the utilization rate of funds are continuously improved, so that we can achieve the goal of low input and high output, thus reducing the cost of enterprises and making them more competitive in the market.Cost control is one of the important means to achieve this goal.Based on the practical experience of cost control, this paper introduces the existing methods of cost control in oil production plant, especially in view of the present situation of No. N oil production plant, and puts forward how to manage the concept and system of production from the point of view of management.Technical level and incentive measures to improve the level of production cost control.The thesis consists of five parts.Firstly, it introduces the research background of this paper, expounds the significance of the research topic, analyzes the current research situation at home and abroad, and puts forward the research ideas and research; secondly, it introduces the basic theory of cost control.This paper mainly introduces the concept and significance of cost control, the content of cost control, the method of cost control, the principle of cost control.By analyzing the cost composition of the N oil production plant and the changing trend of each cost in the past five years from 2012 to 2016, the paper discusses the present situation of the cost control in the oil extraction plant, and then, the problems existing in the cost control of the N oil extraction plant are analyzed.It has analyzed the ineffectiveness of energy consumption control, the high staff cost, the increasingly prominent contradiction between production capacity input and cost control, the unclear focus of cost control, and the insufficient supervision and control of cost control.The existing problems in cost control are summarized through analysis and research. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward to effectively reduce the cost of crude oil recovery and improve the competitiveness of enterprises in view of the actual situation of cost control in N oil extraction plant.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.22;F406.72
，

本文编号：1712449