A小额贷款股份有限公司融资渠道研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 06:34

本文选题：小额贷款公司 + 资金来源　；参考：《吉林财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：小额贷款公司作为一种新型的金融组织形式最初产生的目的是为了服务城乡低收入人群,为其提供融资服务。我国于20世纪90年代引入国内,并于2005年10月由中国人民银行在全国范围内开展试点工作。小额贷款公司有效的解决了银行信贷体系外的小微企业、个体工商户及“三农”(农业、农民、农村)的融资需求,帮助其改善经营管理从而带动了整个社会的经济发展,被称为信贷市场的“毛细血管”。小额贷款公司经过十余年的发展,已形成一定的规模,可如今仍面临着资金不足,融资难的问题。由于指导意见规定了小额贷款公司不能吸收存款只能发放贷款的模式,造成了小额贷款公司的先天性贫血,而且也对其资金来源作了明确规定:股东自有资金、捐赠资金及银行融资是小额贷款公司资金来源的三个渠道,小额贷款公司可融资的银行业金融机构不超过两个,从银行业金融机构获得融入资金的余额,不得超过资本净额的50%。但是在小额贷款公司的实际经营中,小微企业、个体工商户和“三农”都有着大量的资金需求,很多小额贷款公司的后续资金无法满足下游客户的贷款需求进而影响了其未来的可持续发展。因此,对小额贷款公司的融资渠道进行研究,具有现实意义。本文运用了实地调研法、案例研究法以及文献分析法,以吉林省长春市A小额贷款股份有限公司(以下简称A小贷公司)作为研究对象进行融资渠道案例分析。本文首先介绍了研究背景和和研究意义,并对国内外研究现状进行了总结。第二章介绍了小额贷款公司的定义、性质、作用以及融资相关理论。第三章通过对A小贷公司现有的融资渠道现状进行分析,得出了小额贷款公司身份界定不明、监管评级体系缺失、公司内部经营管理能力不强、政策规定融资渠道过窄等因素是造成其资金来源不足,陷入融资困境的原因。第四章根据分析出的原因有针对性的提出监管部门应明确小额贷款公司金融机构身份,建立监管评级体系、拓宽融资渠道等对策。
[Abstract]:As a new type of financial organization, microfinance companies are originally designed to serve urban and rural low-income people and provide financing services. China was introduced into China in the 1990s, and the people's Bank of China carried out pilot work nationwide in October 2005. Microfinance companies effectively address the financing needs of small and micro enterprises, individual businesses, and "agriculture, farmers, and rural areas" outside the banking and credit system, helping them to improve their management and management, thus driving the economic development of the whole society. Known as the "capillaries" of credit markets. After more than ten years of development, microfinance companies have formed a certain scale, but they still face the problem of insufficient capital and difficult financing. Since the guidance stipulates that microfinance companies cannot take deposits and can only make loans, this has resulted in congenital anaemia of microfinance companies, and has also made clear the source of their funds: shareholders own funds. Donation funds and bank financing are three sources of funds for microfinance companies. Microfinance companies can finance not more than two banking financial institutions, and the balance of the integration funds obtained from banking financial institutions must not exceed 50 percent of the net capital. However, in the actual operation of microfinance companies, small and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, and the "three rural areas" all have a large demand for funds. Many microfinance companies' subsequent funds cannot meet the loan needs of downstream customers, which will affect their future sustainable development. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the financing channels of microfinance companies. This article uses the field investigation method, the case study method and the literature analysis method, taking Changchun A small loan Company of Jilin Province (hereinafter referred to as A small loan Company) as the research object to carry on the financing channel case analysis. This paper first introduces the research background and significance, and summarizes the current research situation at home and abroad. The second chapter introduces the definition, nature, function and financing theory of microfinance company. The third chapter analyzes the current financing channels of A small loan Company, and draws the conclusion that the identity of micro-loan company is unclear, the supervision and rating system is missing, and the internal management ability of the company is not strong. The policy stipulates that the financing channel is too narrow and so on. The fourth chapter according to the analysis of the reasons put forward that the regulatory authorities should clarify the identity of microfinance companies financial institutions, establish a regulatory rating system, broaden the financing channels and other countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.39;F830.42

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