信永中和会计师事务所合并成效的案例分析

发布时间：2018-05-04 02:15

本文选题：审计质量 + 会计师事务所合并　；参考：《江西财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自会计师事务所“脱钩改制”以来,财政部、中注协接连出台各类政策,以鼓励本土所通过合并来扩大规模,自此“做大做强”成为了我国注册会计师审计行业发展的一大重要主题。本土所先后经历了三次由政府以及市场推动的大型合并浪潮,具体包括1998—1999年的“脱钩改制”合并潮,2000—2001年的“资格导向”合并潮以及2006年以来的“危机导向”合并潮。然而对于经历了十多年合并浪潮洗礼的国内注册会计师审计行业,本土所频繁合并能否在经济效益上实现“一加一大于二”却是众说纷纭、观点不一。现有研究主要集中于对某一次合并的个案研究,而对某一家会计师事务所合并历史的关注则不足。同时,虽然学者们已使用收入、审计收费、审计质量、客户数量以及客户结构等指标来衡量会计师事务所合并的经济成效,然而这些研究多是从单一角度切入对合并成效的某一特定方面进行分析,罕有研究人员为更全面地评价事务所合并之成效,而构建综合的度量指标体系。鉴于此,本文采用案例研究方法,结合上市公司财务数据,选取会计师事务所之收入(会计师事务所之总收入、签字注册会计师人均收入和审计市场份额)、客户结构(客户数量、客户规模和客户流动性)、审计质量(发表非标审计意见的频率、客户发生财务重述的频率以及可操纵性应计利润)和审计收费四项指标,从会计师事务所、客户以及市场的角度来评价信永中和会计师事务所经历的四次合并的经济后果。首先,本文在引言部分对研究背景进行了叙述,并在此基础上诠释了研究意义。基于对现有文献进行整理的前提下,本文分别回顾和评述了有关会计师事务所合并的动因以及经济后果的研究文献,并对本文的研究内容、研究方法和框架结构进行了介绍。其次,本文从理论层面上分析了会计师事务所合并的动因、合并的方式以及合并完成后的资源整合问题。再次,本文分别介绍了四起合并的案例背景与合并过程,并在此基础上对这四次合并事件的经济后果进行了分析。最后,本文结合在理论与案例分析中获取的研究结果,针对会计师事务所之合并对象选择、资源整合等问题,从会计师事务所自身和行业监督者的角度提出了相关建议。通过对信永中和会计师事务所经历的四次合并进行案例分析,本文得出以下结论:第一,整体而言,信永中和会计师事务所通过这四次合并取得了积极的合并成效,会计师事务所收入有一定程度的增加,客户结构得到了改善。这表明,信永中和会计师事务所通过合并提高了对客户的吸引力,增加了市场份额。第二,信永中和会计师事务所在这四次合并后遭受了一些负向的合并后果,例如审计服务质量出现了一定程度的下降,平均审计收费也降低了。这表明,合并完成后对内部质量控制体系的统一是制约合并成效的重要因素之一。同时,合并也可能会损害会计师事务所声誉的溢价能力。第三,选择不同的合并对象可能会导致不同的合并后果。与香港何锡麟会计师行的合并不仅降低了客户对信永中和会计师事务所的信任感,而且还有损审计服务的质量。即便同是对本土地方性大所的合并,合并对象所处地域以及合并过程的差异也会导致不同的合并后果。这表明,会计师事务所在进行合并前需要明确自身的目标,综合分析潜在合并对象的优劣,有针对性的选择合并对象,以实现自身的预期。否则可能会反受其害,拖累事务所的发展进程。本文的贡献在于:不同于对某一次合并的个案研究,本文对信永中和会计师事务所经历的四次重要合并进行了典型的案例分析,并且从审计行业市场、审计客户和会计师事务所,这三个重要维度对合并成效的评价指标进行了体系化的构建,进而能够综合的对会计师事务所合并之成效进行评价。在对评价指标的变化进行分析的基础上,本文探析合并对会计师事务所、客户以及审计市场的影响,从而提出有关事务所合并对象之选择、合并后资源之整合的建议。
[Abstract]:Since the "decoupling" of the accounting firm, the Ministry of Finance and the CPA have issued various kinds of policies to encourage the expansion of the scale by the merger of the local government. Since then, the "bigger and stronger" has become a major theme for the development of the CPA audit industry in China. The local government has experienced three times by the government and the market. And the tide, including the "decoupling reform" of the merger tide from 1998 to 1999, the "qualification oriented" merger tide from 2000 to 2001 and the tide of "crisis orientation" since 2006. However, for the domestic CPA auditing industry that has experienced more than 10 years of merger wave baptism, the frequent merger of the soil can be realized in economic benefits. "One plus one is greater than two", but there are different opinions and different views. The current research mainly focuses on a case study of a certain merger, while the concern about the merger history of a certain accounting firm is insufficient. At the same time, scholars have used income, audit fees, audit quality, customer quantity and customer structure to measure accounting. The economic results of the merger of the teachers' firms, however, are mostly the analysis of a particular aspect of the merger effectiveness from a single point of view. It is rare for the researchers to build a comprehensive measurement index system for a more comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of the merger. In view of this, this paper uses a case study method and combines the financial number of the listed company. It selects the income of the accounting firm (the total revenue of the accounting firm, the per capita income of the certified public accountants and the audit market share), the customer structure (the number of customers, the customer size and the liquidity of the customer), the quality of the audit (the frequency of the non - standard audit opinion, the frequency of the financial restatement of the customers and the maneuverable accruals) and The four indicators of audit fees are evaluated from the perspective of accounting firms, customers and the market to evaluate the economic consequences of the four merger of the accounting firm and the accounting firm. First, this paper describes the research background in the introduction and explains the meaning of the research on the basis of the existing literature. This paper reviews and reviews the research literature about the motivation and economic consequences of the merger of accounting firms, and introduces the research contents, research methods and frame structure of this paper. Secondly, this paper analyzes the motivation of the merger of the accounting firms, the way of merger and the integration of resources after the merger. Thirdly, this paper introduces the case background and merger process of the four merged cases, and analyses the economic consequences of the four merger events on this basis. Finally, this paper combines the results obtained in the theory and case analysis, aiming at the problems of accounting firms' combination, object selection and resource integration, from accountants' affairs. Through a case analysis of the four merger of the accounting firm, this paper draws the following conclusions: first, on the whole, the accounting firm has achieved positive results through the four mergers, and the accounting firm's revenue has one. With the increase in degree, the customer structure has been improved. This shows that the firm has increased its attractiveness to customers by merger and increased market share. Second, accounting firms have suffered some negative consequences after these four mergers, such as the quality of audit services to a certain extent. The average audit fees are also reduced. This shows that the unification of the internal quality control system after the completion of the merger is one of the important factors that restrict the effectiveness of the merger. At the same time, the merger may also damage the premium of the reputation of the accounting firm. Third, the selection of different merging objects can lead to different merger consequences. And He Xilin, and He Xilin. The merger of the accountants' bank not only reduces the trust of the customers to the firm, but also undermines the quality of the audit services. Even the merger of the local locality, the geographical location of the merged object and the difference in the merger process will result in different merging consequences. The former needs to clarify its own goals, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the potential merged objects, and select the targeted merger objects to achieve their own expectations. Otherwise, it may be harmful and drag on the development process of the firm. The four important merger is a typical case analysis, and from the audit industry market, the audit customer and the accounting firm, the three important dimensions of the evaluation index of the merger effectiveness are systematically constructed, and then the evaluation of the efficiency of the merger of the accounting firms can be evaluated comprehensively. On the basis of the analysis, this paper analyses the influence of merger on the accounting firms, customers and the audit market, and puts forward some suggestions on the selection of the merger objects of the firms and the integration of the resources after the merger.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F233

【参考文献】