基于假设清算法下对我国商业银行不良资产价值评估方法的探究

发布时间：2019-03-29 08:36

【摘要】：自从我国步入新世纪之后,相继爆发的次级抵押贷款危机和欧洲爆发的主权债务危机严重干扰了世界经济的健康发展,中国的金融市场面临着近几十年来最为严重的考验。伴随着世界各国应对化解余波,如何化解金融不良资产又一次成为各国金融又一次成为各国金融监管机构关心的主要问题。因此,对于发展转型中的中国而言,时刻关注不良资产的发展及其特征,加强对不良资产管理处置是一项艰巨而又必要的任务。本文综合介绍了研究的理论背景、研究的理论以及现实意义和目前为止国内外对不良资产的研究现状。其次本文简要概述了不良资产的研究思路、研究框架以及各种研究方法。最后根据不良资产的基本定义,本文依次介绍了不良资产的经济学定义、不良资产价值评估的方法及其适用性以及现有不良资产评估方法的问题。与此同时,对不良资产的特点及其对经济的不良影响进行了阐述。然后对不良资产价值评估方法存在的问题进行了分析。最后通过不良资产的定义、实际使用过程中存在的问题出发,运用层次分析法从贷款时间这一角度出发,对现有的假设清算法进行优化。并且将优化后的假设清算法运用到实际案例中,本篇文章主要对广发银行的某一不良资产案例进行评估,进而得出结论。本文的主要研究结论有:(1)在评估银行不良资产时除了要考虑资产负债表上显示的财务因素对其价值的影响,还应该将职工安置、贷款时间、相关政策等难以量化且又会严重影响不良资产价值的非财务因素加以考虑。由于这些非财务因素量化非常困难,因此在评估过程中更应该格外重视这些因素。(2)假设清算法的适用范围是企业在非持续经营条件下的情况以及现金流小或者不固定的情况,然而,因为该方法在整个运用过程中都是处于假设的基础之上,无论是有效资产和有效负债,还是无效资产和无效负债都是处于破产清算的假设之中,这些假设并不可能与实际情况完全符合,尤其是实际操作时点与假设时点往往不相同,这会使得资产和负债产生较大的变化,进而导致实际受偿金额与假设受偿金额有较大变动。
[Abstract]:Since China entered the new century, the subprime mortgage crisis and the sovereign debt crisis in Europe have seriously interfered with the healthy development of the world economy. China's financial market is facing the most serious test in recent decades. As countries around the world deal with resolving the aftermath, how to resolve financial non-performing assets has once again become a major concern of financial regulators. Therefore, it is an arduous and necessary task for China to pay close attention to the development and characteristics of non-performing assets and to strengthen the management and disposal of non-performing assets. This paper comprehensively introduces the theoretical background, the theoretical and practical significance of the research and the present situation of the research on non-performing assets at home and abroad. Secondly, this paper briefly summarizes the research ideas, research framework and various research methods of non-performing assets. Finally, according to the basic definition of non-performing assets, this paper introduces the economic definition of non-performing assets, the method of evaluating the value of non-performing assets and its applicability, as well as the problems of existing evaluation methods of non-performing assets. At the same time, the characteristics of non-performing assets and its adverse effects on the economy are described. Then it analyzes the problems existing in the evaluation method of the value of non-performing assets. Finally, through the definition of non-performing assets, the actual use of the existing problems, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) from the point of view of loan time, to optimize the existing assumption clearing algorithm. And the optimized hypothesis clearing algorithm is applied to practical cases. This paper mainly evaluates a non-performing assets case of Guangdong Development Bank, and then draws a conclusion. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) when evaluating the non-performing assets of banks, we should not only consider the impact of the financial factors on the balance sheet on their value, but also relocate the workers and the time of the loan. Non-financial factors, such as policies that are difficult to quantify and will seriously affect the value of non-performing assets, are considered. Because these non-financial factors are very difficult to quantify, Therefore, more attention should be paid to these factors in the evaluation process. (2) the scope of application of the clearing algorithm is assumed to be the situation of the enterprise in the condition of non-sustainable operation and the situation of small or irregular cash flow, however, Because the method is based on assumptions throughout its application, whether it is a valid asset or an effective liability, or an invalid asset or an invalid liability, which is under the assumption of bankruptcy liquidation. These assumptions cannot be fully consistent with the actual situation, in particular the fact that the actual point of operation is often different from the time point of the assumption, which can result in significant changes in assets and liabilities, Then the actual amount of compensation and the hypothetical amount of compensation have a great change.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.33;F830.42

【参考文献】