基于疏散仿真的大空间公共建筑流线设计研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 23:10

本文关键词：基于疏散仿真的大空间公共建筑流线设计研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展和社会的进步,大空间公共建筑的建设数量大幅度增加,其规模也逐渐增大。不同于一般的建筑类型,大空间公共建筑由于其空间开阔,空气量充足,一旦发生火灾,火势会迅速蔓延。而由于其人员密集,在疏散过程中极易发生拥堵、踩踏等事故,使其安全疏散难度大幅度增加。目前国内外关于建筑疏散安全的研究,主要集中在对设计策略的定性阐释及实际案例的性能化分析研究。从建筑设计角度入手的数字模拟分析,并将其运用于设计实践的研究相对匮乏。基于上述背景,本文试图从影响建筑疏散时间的因素入手,针对大空间公共建筑交通流线的常见形式,从水平流线和垂直流线两个方面,对其疏散过程进行仿真研究。首先,文章分析阐述了大空间公共建筑疏散设计的相关条件,以此为理论依据确立模拟框架;其次,分析了疏散时间的组成和影响因素,为模拟变量的选择提供理论依据;而后选择SIMULEX为模拟软件,以单变量为原则分别对不同流线形式的不同情况进行疏散模拟。通过对量化数据的统计比较和可视化疏散过程的观察分析,提出大空间公共建筑安全疏散的设计策略。最后,以体育馆建筑作为大空间公共建筑的典型案例进行模拟分析,提出疏散过程中存在的问题并进行相应改造。课题针对大空间公共建筑多重外形功能,少重建筑安全的现状,以定量化方式给出大空间安全疏散的设计策略,弥补此方面的理论缺失,为日后大空间公共建筑的设计提供理论依据和实践参考。研究尚属初步阶段,仍需在今后的深入研究和实践中不断改进和完善,这对于提高我国的建筑安全有着重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the progress of the society, the construction of a substantial number of large space buildings increased, its scale is gradually increasing. Different from the general types of buildings, long-span public buildings because of its open space, a sufficient amount of air, once the fire, the fire will spread rapidly. Due to its staff intensive, prone to congestion in the evacuation process, stampede and other accident, the safety evacuation difficulty increased greatly. The current researches on building evacuation safety at home and abroad research. Performance analysis mainly focused on qualitative interpretation of the design strategy and the actual case analysis from the perspective of architectural design, and it is used to research and design the relative lack of practice. Based on the above background, this paper attempts to start from the factors influencing the evacuation time of the building, the common form of the large space in public buildings from the level of traffic flow, and streamline Two aspects of vertical line, carry on Simulation of evacuation process. Firstly, this article discusses the related conditions of evacuation design of large space buildings, in order to establish a simulation framework for theoretical basis; secondly, analyzes the factors influencing the evacuation time, and provide a theoretical basis for the simulation of variable selection; and then choose SIMULEX to simulate the software, based on a single variable as the principle of different forms of different streamline evacuation simulation. Through the analysis and observation of statistics on the quantitative data comparison and visualization of the evacuation process, puts forward the design strategy of safety evacuation of large space buildings. Finally, the gymnasium as a typical case of large space buildings is simulated and analyzed, and puts forward the existing in the process of evacuation problems and the corresponding transformation. Aiming at large space public building multiple shape function, less heavy construction safety situation, The quantitative design strategies are given for safe evacuation of large space, make up for the lack of theory in this area, and provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the design on large space buildings. The research is still in preliminary stage, still need to be constantly improved and perfected in the further research and practice in the future, it is important for improving the construction safety of our country.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU242;TU998.1

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