民国镇江公共园林研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 01:00

本文关键词：民国镇江公共园林研究　出处：《南京林业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民国江苏省会镇江公共园林是从“公享”的角度出发,研究镇江在作为民国省会时期所兴建的为市民大众共同享有的游乐园地。本文通过广泛查阅文献、实地调研分析,对本地老人采访,对相关信息归纳总结处理之后,从其发展的历史背景、人文背景、造园背景出发,将镇江民国园林分为城市绿化、城市公园、城市广场、园艺场圃、名人墓园和宗教园林六大类,并逐类进行了列举分析,比较了各类之间的区别和联系,并画出了主要分布图。在分析的基础上对造园主体及使用功能、造园手法及营造技术、造园要素及艺术特征、园林管理及保护更新四个方面进行研究总结。古城镇江是江河要津、千年港城,其优越的自然环境承载了镇江丰富多彩的人文历史,使得它在民国时期一跃成为江苏省会,赢得了前所未有的城市发展机遇。受到一系列的省会建设计划,特别是《试行建设区域计划》、《省会道路网规划》、《省会造林五年计划》、《省会园林计划》的影响,镇江开始了近代意义上的城市公共园林建设。在这一复杂多变的历史时期,省会公共园林继承了中国古典园林的传统,又受到现代园林造园潮流、造园理论和造园学家的影响,形成了其独特的基本范式:在造园主体上,主要为政府,偶有有识之士、社会实业派和人民群众。在使用功能上,营建了休闲游憩、文化教育、体育运动、集会演出的场所服务于全体大众,对于保护环境、提升城市形象起到了积极的作用。在园林选址上,善于借用优越的自然景观资源、巧用现有的风景名胜资源、利用原有的私属园林资源,因地制宜。在平面布局上,实现了构图风格的多样化和景观组织的虚实变化。在景观表达上既直抒胸臆又朦胧含蓄。在山石、水体、建、构筑物、植物四大造园要素的处理上,既能找到传统园林的影子,又大胆运用了新材料、新技术、新工艺。在色彩与园林装饰方面,既传承又创新,形成了“中西合璧”的园林风格。随着城市公共园林的产生,一些园林管理机构也逐渐发展起来,相关法律法规也相继颁布。镇江民国园林是镇江近代园林(1840~1949年)极其重要的组成部分,是镇江城市现代化进程中浓墨重彩的一笔,是中国民国园林史研究不可忽略的重要内容。民国时期,镇江园林的建设以公共园林为重点,也最具代表性,最能体现出时代的特色和反映镇江民国的城市园林建设,因此具有重要的历史价值和研究意义。研究发现,镇江民国公共园林对于镇江城市绿地系统建设乃至全国的民国园林研究都产生了重大的意义。按照省会建设计划实施完成后,镇江将形成一个稳定的绿地系统:斑块——廊道——基质结构。当然,民国省会时期的镇江在城市规划和园林设计方面也存在一些不足,但仍有不少重要的经验值得学习,其一是理性的城市分区规划,其二是在城市建设中实行科学、民主的决策,其三是调用镇江各界的社会力量来支援城市近代化建设。
[Abstract]:In Jiangsu the capital of Zhenjiang public gardens from the perspective of "sharing" point of view, to enjoy study in Zhenjiang as the capital during the period of construction for public amusement park. This article through extensive literature investigation, analysis, interviews with local people, to summarize the relevant information, from the history of the development the background, cultural background, gardening background, the Zhenjiang Republic is divided into city garden greening, city park, city square, garden nursery, celebrity cemetery and religious landscape in six categories, and each category were enumerated and analyzed, compared the difference and relationship between various types, and draw the main distribution in the analysis. On the basis of gardening and body function, gardening and planting technology, gardening elements and artistic features, landscape management and conservation and renewal of four aspects of research are summarized. The ancient town river is the river port, 1000 In the city, the superior natural environment carrying the Zhenjiang rich and colorful cultural history, making it in the period of the Republic of China became the capital of Jiangsu Province, the city won a hitherto unknown development opportunity. By a series of capital construction plan, especially for the construction of regional plan > >, < < > capital of road network planning, the provincial capital in five years plan >, < > the impact of capital landscape planning, Zhenjiang city started a public garden construction in the modern sense. In this complex historical period, the capital of the public garden China inherited the classical garden tradition, and influenced by modern gardening trend, influence of landscape gardening theory and gardening experts, formed its unique basic paradigm in the garden: the main body, mainly for the government, sometimes a person with breadth of vision and the masses of the people, social and industrial school. In the use of functions, construction of recreation, education, sports, performing field assembly The service to the whole community, to protect the environment, improve the image of the city has played a positive role. In the garden site, adept at using the superior natural landscape resources, using existing scenic resources, the original use of the private garden resource, according to local conditions. In the layout, implementation of the actual change of composition style diversification the organization and landscape in the landscape. The expression of both implicit and obscure. Straight from the heart in the rocks, water, buildings, structures, processing plants and four garden factors, can find the shadow of the traditional garden, and bold use of new materials, new technology, in color and garden decoration, inherit and innovation, forming a "Chinese and Western" garden style. With the public garden city, some landscape management has gradually developed, related laws and regulations have been promulgated. The Zhenjiang Republic is Zhenjiang modern garden Garden (1840~1949) is a very important part of Zhenjiang City, thick and heavy in colours in the process of modernization is an important part of a Chinese study in the history of landscape architecture can not be ignored. The period of the Republic of China, Zhenjiang garden construction in public gardens as the focus, but also the most representative, most can reflect the city landscape construction characteristics of the times and reflect the Zhenjiang of the Republic of China, so it has important historical value and significance of the research. The study found that the Zhenjiang public gardens for the construction of Zhenjiang city green space system and the research of landscape has significant meaning. The implementation of the capital construction completed according to the plan, Zhenjiang will form a stable green space system: patch corridor matrix structure. Of course, the capital of Zhenjiang in the period also has some shortcomings in the city planning and landscape design, but there are still a lot of important experience is worth learning One is rational urban zoning planning. The second is to implement scientific and democratic decisions in urban construction. The third is to call the social forces from all walks of life in Zhenjiang to support the modernization of cities.

【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-098.4

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