成都代表性道教宫观环境研究初探

发布时间：2018-03-01 12:24

本文关键词： 道教宫观环境空间布局保护园林　出处：《北京林业大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：成都因其灵山秀水和深厚独特的文化底蕴,成为道教重要发源地之一,自张道陵创教于大邑鹤鸣山、阐教于青城洞天、老子化身说法于青羊肆,道教由此走上了中国历史舞台,成为发源于中国本土唯一的宗教。在巴蜀文化和道教文化的相互影响下,成都道教宫观钟天地之毓秀,蒙道教之神奇,生动、形象地诠释了道教思想和道教文化,其独特的魅力使成都道教宫观文化成为巴蜀文化的重要组成部分。就目前而言,对成都道教和道教宫观的研究大多集中在发展史、教理、教义、宗教文化等方面,涉及道教宫观建筑构造、空间布局、园林环境的相关性研究非常匮乏。因此,本文以成都代表性道教宫观园林环境为切入点,研究成都道教宫观的起源与发展、历史沿革、空间分布、选址特点、空间布局、建筑形制、建筑装饰特色、园林以及道教宫观的保护和利用,有益于弘扬道教文化,更好的保护和利用道教宫观,希望对成都道教宫观的保护和利用提供有益的参考价值。作者利用现场实地测绘、摄影、实地访谈等重点调查和典型调查相结合的研究方法,通过查阅大量历史文献资料,对成都具有代表性的七处道教宫观进行了重点分析调研,获得了非常重要的第一手资料,得出如下研究结果：历史上,成都道教宫观具有非常深厚的社会基础,比其他地区的道教更偏世俗性和地域性特点,是与其他地区道教宫观的差异所在；成都道教宫观在选址、空间布局上具有“依形造物、因地制宜”的特点；成都道教宫观在建筑形制、建筑构造、体量大小、建筑艺术、装饰效果以及园林环境等诸多方面都注入了道教的审美思想和价值观念,在强调建筑功能分区上突出鲜明的地域文化特征；道教宫观建筑群在空间布局上灵活自由,充分体现了“天宫琼宇”的宗教艺术特征；成都道教宫观在园林设计上追求“师法自然、天人合一”的造园理念,营造出清净通幽的宗教园林环境,与道教“清静无为”、“天人合一”的思想内涵相吻合。从历史文化遗产角度分析,成都道教宫观承载了人类生态智慧及道教哲学思想,在人类发展及生存过程中起到了不可低估的引导作用；因此,加强对成都道教宫观的保护和利用,对延续成都历史文脉,丰富成都历史文化名城内涵和城市形象,具有非常深远的现实意义,这也是本次研究工作的价值所在。
[Abstract]:Chengdu Lingshan silk and profound because of its unique cultural heritage, has become one of the important birthplace of Taoism, from a Zhang Ling Road to teach in Dayi to teach the crane Ming Shan, Qingcheng cave, Lao Tzu incarnation in Qingyang saying wantonly, Taoism China thus embarked on the stage of history, become the only China soil originated from religion. In the mutual influence of Sichuan culture and Taoism culture, Taoism in Chengdu Yu Xiu bell of heaven and earth, Meng Taoist magic, vivid, vividly interpreted the ideology of Taoism and Taoist culture, the unique charm of Chengdu Taoist culture has become an important part of Bashu culture. At present, the study of Chengdu Taoism and Taoist temple mostly in the history, teachings, doctrines, religious culture, involving the Taoist temple architecture, space layout, is the lack of correlation between landscape environment. Therefore, this paper takes Chengdu representative of Taoist temple The concept of landscape environment as the starting point, study the origin and development of Taoism in Chengdu history, spatial distribution, location characteristics, space layout, architectural form, architectural features, landscape and Taoist temples protection and utilization, is beneficial to promote the culture of Taoism, better protection and utilization of the Taoist temple, hope and protection by providing a useful reference to the Chengdu Taoist temple.
The field of Surveying and mapping, photography, field interviews and other research methods focus on investigation and typical investigation combination, through access to a large number of historical documents, representative of the seven Taoist temples were the focus of investigation and Analysis on Chengdu, get a very important first-hand information, the research results are as follows: the history of Chengdu. The Taoist temple has very profound social foundation, more secular and regional characteristics than Taoism in other areas, which is different from the other Taoist temples in Chengdu; the Taoist temple in the location, spatial layout with "according to the form of creation, the characteristics of local"; Chengdu Taoist temple in architectural form, building structure, size, architecture, and many other aspects of decorative effect and garden environment into the Taoist aesthetic thoughts and values, to emphasize the construction of functional area to highlight the fresh The characteristics of regional culture in Ming Dynasty; Taoist buildings in the space layout flexible, fully embodies the characteristics of religious art palace Qiong Yu "; Chengdu Taoist temple in the landscape design on the pursuit of" the nature, the harmony between man and nature "landscape concept, create a clean quiet religious landscape environment, and Taoism" quietism "," harmony "thought connotation is consistent. From the analysis of historical and cultural heritage perspective, Taoism in Chengdu carrying the human ecological wisdom and philosophy of Taoism, in human development and survival in the process played a guiding role can not be underestimated; therefore, to strengthen the protection and utilization of Taoism in Chengdu Chengdu, a continuation of the historical context, the rich image connotation and historical and cultural city of Chengdu City, has very profound practical significance, which is the research value.

【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU252

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