珠海歌剧院风环境与结构风压的CFD数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 04:08

本文选题：CFD数值模拟　切入点：风荷载　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会高速发展，建筑物的高度和复杂度不断提高，风已经成为影响建筑设计以及安全运营的重要影响因素。珠海歌剧院位于珠海香洲东部的野狸岛上，，是珠海以及整个珠三角地区的地标建筑之一。主体建筑分为歌剧院和小剧场，外壳为空间网架结构。歌剧院体型较大，水平投影跨度为130m，是横向跨度较大的风敏感结构。因此，研究风对建筑结构的影响以及实时监测建筑结构表面风压是必要的。由于经济原因，传感器数目往往是有限的。利用有限数目风压传感器预测未布置传感器测点处的风压值，继而预测整个研究区域分压分布具有较大的实际应用意义。本文采用CFD数值模拟方法研究了风对珠海歌剧院建筑结构表面及周围环境的影响，并探讨了利用有限风压传感器与数学模型联合预测结构表面风压的方法。本文主要有以下三部分内容: 利用CATIA以及RHINO软件建立珠海歌剧院CFD数值模型。设定计算域并划分区域网格，基于FLUENT14.5软件平台进行了12个风方向角下的模拟。通过对比CFD数值模拟与风洞实验得到的区域体型系数，讨论并分析了12个风方向角下建筑结构表面风压分布规律。根据数据对比，可得结论：两种方法得到的建筑结构表面风压分布规律基本一致，但是个别方向角下的风压值有偏差。根据建筑结构表面风压分布规律以及场地常年风速风向规律，确定了风压传感器布置方案。采用BP人工神经网络构建数学模型，结合32个风压传感器预测了未布置传感器测点风压值以及珠海歌剧院片1外表面风压分布。经过预测可得：12个方向角下，未布置传感器的预测样本测点相对误差最大值为9.60%，最大平均值为2.43%，最大标准差为2.78%。预测片1外表面整个区域表面风压的相对误差最大值为5.822%，平均值为0.886%，标准差为1.063%。实现了利用有限数目风压传感器与数学模型联合应用预测目标区域整体风压分布的目的。采用CFD数值模拟方法获得了建筑物周围区域8个方向角下不同高度处风速。根据数值模拟结果以及场地信息得到目标区域的等效风速以及等效风速比。采用超越阈值概率的评估方法、联合评估准则评估珠海歌剧院行人风环境不舒适度等级以及危险度等级。经过评估，珠海歌剧院行人风环境不舒适度等级为优，但是不适合闲坐等活动。危险度等级为安全。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the society, the height and complexity of the buildings are increasing. Wind has become an important factor affecting the design and safe operation of the buildings. The Zhuhai Opera House is located on Yuyong Island in the east of Xiangzhou, Zhuhai. It is one of the landmark buildings in Zhuhai and the whole Pearl River Delta area. The main building is divided into opera house and small theater, the outer shell is a space grid structure. The opera house has a larger horizontal projection span of 130 m and is a wind-sensitive structure with a large transverse span. It is necessary to study the influence of wind on the building structure and to monitor the wind pressure on the surface of the building structure in real time. For economic reasons, the number of sensors is often limited. It is of great practical significance to predict the distribution of partial pressure in the whole study area. In this paper, the influence of wind on the surface of building structure and surrounding environment of Zhuhai Opera House is studied by using CFD numerical simulation method. The method of using finite wind pressure sensor and mathematical model to predict the surface wind pressure of the structure is discussed. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. The CFD numerical model of Zhuhai Opera House is established by using CATIA and RHINO software. The simulation of 12 wind direction angles based on FLUENT14.5 software platform is carried out. By comparing the CFD numerical simulation with the wind tunnel experiment, the regional shape coefficient is obtained. The distribution law of wind pressure on the surface of building structure under 12 wind direction angles is discussed and analyzed. According to the comparison of the data, it is concluded that the distribution law of wind pressure on the surface of building structure obtained by the two methods is basically the same. However, the wind pressure values at individual direction angles are deviated. According to the distribution law of wind pressure on the surface of building structure and the law of wind speed and wind direction of the site, the layout scheme of wind pressure sensor is determined, and the mathematical model is constructed by using BP artificial neural network. Combined with 32 wind pressure sensors, the wind pressure values of unarranged sensor measuring points and the wind pressure distribution on the outer surface of Zhuhai Opera House film 1 are predicted. The maximum relative error of the predicted sample is 9.60, the maximum average value is 2.43, and the maximum standard deviation is 2.78. The maximum relative error of wind pressure on the whole area of the outer surface of sheet 1 is 5.822, the average value is 0.886and the standard deviation is 0.886. A finite number of wind pressure sensors and mathematical models are used to predict the overall wind pressure distribution in the target area. The wind speed at different heights at 8 directions and angles around the building is obtained by using CFD numerical simulation method. The equivalent wind speed and equivalent wind speed ratio of the target area are obtained according to the numerical simulation results and site information. A method for evaluating the probability of crossing a threshold, The joint evaluation criteria are used to evaluate the uncomfortableness and risk of the pedestrian environment of the Zhuhai Opera House. The assessment shows that the uncomfortableness of the pedestrian environment of the Zhuhai Opera House is excellent, but it is not suitable for activities such as sitting idle. The risk level is safe.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU312.1

【相似文献】