高效三元双向相变储能换热单元的性能分析

发布时间：2018-03-16 18:37

  本文选题：自然冷源　切入点：峰谷电价　出处：《沈阳建筑大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：能源对世界各国的经济发展和社会进步起着至关重要的作用。人类社会要想实现可持续发展,一方面必须充分利用自然能源,积极开发新的能源；另一方面必须通过科技创新寻求最佳的节能方式,提高能源的利用效率。建筑能耗在能源消耗总量中占有一定的份额,而以通信基站为代表的高热密度建筑群由于本身特殊的特点,建筑内部设备散热量大,需要全年不间断的制冷以控制室内温度环境。而空调系统作为维持通信基站室内工作环境的重要设备,其耗电量占基站总耗电量的45%以上。因此空调系统节能对通信基站建筑节能有着重要意义。传统的通信基站利用室外自然冷源(此处指冷空气)的方式主要有两种,一是直接引入新风法,而是隔离式热交换法。相变储能技术可以解决能量供求在时间和空间上不匹配,能够优化能源配置,提高能源实际利用率。峰谷电价节能技术在我国的应用中目前已比较成熟。因此本文基于将峰谷电价、室外自然冷源和相变储能三种节能技术进行耦合,开发一种新型三元双向相变储能换热模型。根据气候分区和通信基站的特殊环境要求,本文选取有机相变材料癸酸和月桂酸的混合物,当癸酸含量约为70%时,混合物的相变温度为19.8℃,属于室温相变材料,相变潜热为126.6J/g。为研究此新型相变蓄冷换热模块的热传导技术,首先通过数值模拟手段先对包括相变材料在内的两元换热进行模拟分析,即单独相变材料与制冷剂(此处指冷冻水)的单向换热、相变材料与载冷剂(此处指冷空气)的双向换热,确定了各自最优的换热结构形式,以及最佳尺寸。然后将两种换热结构耦合,提出新型高效的三元双向相变储能换热模块,对其进行数值模拟分析其换热过程及蓄放热时间。并与单独低谷电价蓄冷和单独室外冷源蓄冷方式进行了对比,验证了其优势。最后,将三元双向相变储能换热模块耦合到新风机组内,引入传热单元数的计算方法,提出一种综合考虑相变材料利用率、空气处理的满意率和运行费用节省率来确定相变储能机组最佳日蓄冷量和运行方案的方法,从运行费用和传热性能验证了新型换热器的可行性。三元双向相变储能设备冬季可以利用室外冷源实现直接代替空调对通信基站制冷,维持室温恒定；夏季夜晚可以利用低谷电价对设备制冷,补充白天房间的冷量；过渡季节,在部分昼夜温差大的地区,夜晚可以同时利用室外冷空气和低谷电价给相变材料制冷,白天释放冷量,即节约能源,又能降低制冷机组容量,提高制冷机组利用效率,在节能方面具有很大的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Energy plays a vital role in the economic development and social progress of all countries in the world. If human society wants to achieve sustainable development, it must make full use of natural energy on the one hand, and actively develop new energy; On the other hand, we must seek the best way to save energy through scientific and technological innovation, and improve the efficiency of energy use. Building energy consumption occupies a certain share of the total energy consumption. And the high heat density buildings represented by the communication base stations, because of their special characteristics, the internal equipment of the buildings has a large amount of heat dissipation. The air conditioning system is an important equipment to maintain the indoor working environment of the communication base station. Its energy consumption accounts for more than 45% of the total power consumption of the base station. Therefore, the energy saving of the air conditioning system is of great significance to the building energy saving of the communication base station. There are two main ways for the traditional communication base station to use the outdoor natural cold air source. One is the direct introduction of the fresh air method, but the isolated heat exchange method. Phase change energy storage technology can solve the mismatch between energy supply and demand in time and space, and can optimize the energy allocation. The application of peak-valley electricity price energy-saving technology in our country is mature at present. Therefore, based on the coupling of peak-valley electricity price, outdoor natural cold source and phase change energy storage technology, the energy conservation technology of peak-valley electricity price, outdoor natural cold source and phase change energy storage has been coupled in this paper. A new ternary bidirectional phase change energy storage heat transfer model is developed. According to the special environmental requirements of climate zoning and communication base stations, a mixture of organic phase change material Sebacic acid and lauric acid is selected, when the content of sebacic acid is about 70. The phase transition temperature of the mixture is 19.8 鈩，

本文编号：1621209