严寒、寒冷地区建筑能耗数据库开发及性能优化诊断研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 17:11

本文选题：大型公共建筑　切入点：数据库开发　出处：《沈阳建筑大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的高速发展,各领域建设取得巨大成就的同时,建筑用能急剧增长,对能源供应和环境保护造成巨大压力,为了保障我国的可持续发展道路,节能、低碳、减排等工作已经成为迫在眉睫的研究课题。在2011年建筑总能耗占全国总能耗的19.74%,其中最值得关注的是大型公共建筑,该建筑是单位能耗增长最快的建筑用能分类,提高严寒地区大型公共建筑的采暖、空调、照明等系统的运行能效,是减少建筑能耗水平,提高能源利用效率的关键,目前严寒和寒冷地区还没有较为完善的建筑能耗数据库,没有有效的平台准确地提供建筑能源消耗的具体数据,也不能准确地描述建筑能源消耗的具体特点,由于缺乏系统、可靠、准确的能耗数据,新建建筑的绿色化设计和既有建筑的绿色化改造都缺乏数据支持和指导,因此深入对建筑能耗数据库的开发是建筑节能工作的必然要求。同时,开发和利用可再生能源已经成为全国能源研究的共同战略目标,若可再生能源可以代替常规能源充分发挥其优势作用,那么严重的能源消耗可以得到有效的缓解。本文以2012年和2013年沈阳市能耗测试为依据,在调研了国内外较成熟的能效评价体系中能耗评价指标的基础上,将评价重点由能耗指标转向能效指标,建立了建筑运行阶段能耗的评价体系及评价方法。针对建筑设备的运行阶段特点,归纳并提出了各个不同设备的能效评价指标,给出了各指标的计算方法,初步建立了大型公共建筑能耗、地源热泵系统能效、太阳能系统能效及燃气机热泵系统能效的评价体系。并对大型公共建筑能耗诊断以及节能优化进行了研究,分析耗能系统运行阶段存在的问题,通过寻找最佳运行工况,使得建筑能耗达到最小。本文以Visual Studio2010为开发工具,c#为开发语言,Access2003为后台数据库,开发了严寒、寒冷地区大型公共建筑能耗数据库系统。该数据库系统可以实现对建筑的基本信息、建筑耗能设备的设计参数及运行参数、建筑的能耗统计数据、可再生能源系统的设备设计参数及运行参数、可再生能源系统的能耗统计数据的全面管理,包括数据录入、修改、查询等。在此基础上实现对耗能系统及耗能设备的能效评价及诊断,为既有建筑节能改造提供科学依据。最后利用本数据库系统对几幢实测建筑进行管理,对数据库的实用性加以验证,通过分析不同类型建筑之间的耗能特点,得到酒店类公共建筑的耗电量指标要大于行政办公类公共建筑耗电量指标这一结论。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's urbanization process, the construction of various fields has made great achievements, while building energy use has increased dramatically, which has caused great pressure on energy supply and environmental protection. In order to ensure the sustainable development of our country, energy conservation, low carbon, In 2011, the total energy consumption of buildings accounted for 19.74 percent of the total energy consumption in China, among which the most noteworthy is the large public buildings, which are the fastest growing building energy categories per unit of energy consumption. Improving the efficiency of heating, air conditioning, lighting and other systems in large public buildings in severe cold areas is the key to reducing building energy consumption and improving energy use efficiency. At present, there is no perfect database of building energy consumption in cold and cold areas. There is no effective platform to accurately provide specific data on building energy consumption, nor can it accurately describe the specific characteristics of building energy consumption. Due to the lack of systematic, reliable and accurate energy consumption data, The green design of the new building and the green transformation of the existing building are lack of data support and guidance, so the deep development of the building energy consumption database is the inevitable requirement of building energy conservation work. The development and utilization of renewable energy has become a common strategic goal of national energy research. If renewable energy can take the place of conventional energy to give full play to its advantages, The serious energy consumption can be effectively alleviated. Based on the energy consumption tests in Shenyang on 2012 and 2013, the energy consumption evaluation indexes in the more mature energy efficiency evaluation system at home and abroad are investigated. The evaluation emphasis is changed from the energy consumption index to the energy efficiency index, and the evaluation system and evaluation method of the energy consumption in the building operation stage are established. According to the characteristics of the operation stage of the building equipment, the energy efficiency evaluation indexes of different equipment are summarized and put forward. The calculation methods of each index are given, and the energy consumption of large public buildings and the energy efficiency of ground-source heat pump system are preliminarily established. The evaluation system of energy efficiency of solar energy system and gas engine heat pump system. The energy consumption diagnosis and energy saving optimization of large public buildings are studied, and the problems existing in the operation stage of energy consumption system are analyzed. In this paper, Visual Studio2010 is used as the development language and access 2003 as the background database, and the cold is developed. The database system can realize the basic information of the building, the design parameters and operation parameters of the building energy consumption equipment, the statistical data of the building energy consumption. Equipment design parameters and operation parameters of renewable energy systems, comprehensive management of energy consumption statistics of renewable energy systems, including data input and modification, On this basis, the energy efficiency evaluation and diagnosis of energy consumption system and energy consumption equipment are realized, which provides scientific basis for energy saving transformation of existing buildings. Finally, this database system is used to manage several measured buildings. The practicability of the database is verified. By analyzing the characteristics of energy consumption among different types of buildings, the conclusion is drawn that the power consumption index of public buildings of hotel type is larger than that of public buildings of administrative office type.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU242;TU111.195

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