脂肪族高效减水剂的合成工艺优化及应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 08:48

  本文选题：脂肪族高效减水剂　切入点：合成工艺　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：脂肪族磺酸盐高效减水剂最早作为油井水泥外加剂使用，近年来作为混凝土高效减水剂被广泛应用。目前，在我国减水剂的应用中，最为主流的高效减水剂为萘系，同时，氨基磺酸盐、聚羧酸、脂肪族和改性木质素等高效减水剂也在并同发展。其中，萘系减水剂具有原料紧缺、减水率低等缺点，同时在生产过程中会对环境和人类健康造成不良影响。氨基磺酸盐系减水剂存在泌水量大，对掺量十分敏感，稍微过量掺加就易导致泌水等缺点。聚羧酸高性能减水剂存在成本高、对材料要求高等缺点也阻碍了它的广泛应用。相对于其他减水剂，脂肪族高效减水剂的减水效果突出、与水泥适应性好、性价比高、价格优于萘系等其他产品，使之成为一种发展前景很广阔的高效减水剂。 本论文针对重庆某建材有限公司的脂肪族减水剂设计研究路线。首先，确定最佳的合成工艺路线，然后采用单因素方法进行优化。研究表明：当n（磺化剂总量）：n（丙酮）：n（甲醛）为0.7：1：2.0，反应保温温度为90℃，保温时间为2h，脂肪族高效减水剂产品固含量为40%左右，水泥净浆流动度可达273mm。其次，运用重庆某建材有限公司的脂肪族减水剂与其他减水剂进行复配，以得到高性能的复合减水剂。最后，针对水泥与外加剂存在相容性的问题，检测脂肪族高效减水剂与水泥的相容性，，研究掺合料等量替代水泥后对水泥与脂肪族减水剂相容性的影响。希望通过课题的研究为企业的生产和减水剂的应用提供一定的技术参考。
[Abstract]:Aliphatic sulfonate superplasticizer was first used as additive for oil well cement and widely used as concrete superplasticizer in recent years. At present, naphthalene is the most popular superplasticizer in China. Amino sulfonate, polycarboxylic acid, aliphatic group and modified lignin are also developing. Among them, naphthalene superplasticizer has the disadvantages of shortage of raw materials and low water reducing rate. At the same time, it will have adverse effects on the environment and human health in the process of production. The sulfamate superplasticizer has a large amount of bleeding and is very sensitive to the amount of water added. Excessive addition of polycarboxylic acid has many disadvantages, such as high cost, high requirement for materials, etc. Compared with other superplasticizers, aliphatic superplasticizers have outstanding water reducing effect. It has good adaptability to cement, high ratio of performance to price and better price than other products such as naphthalene, which makes it a kind of high efficiency water-reducing agent with broad development prospects. This paper is aimed at the design and research route of fatty group water reducer in Chongqing Building Materials Co., Ltd. First of all, the best synthetic process route is determined. Then the single factor method was used to optimize the system. The results showed that the solid content of aliphatic superplasticizer product was about 40% when n (sulfonate total amount of acetone: n) was 0.7: 1: 2.0, reaction temperature was 90 鈩

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