基于“棕色土方”概念的棕地再生风景园林学途径

发布时间：2018-03-24 20:08

本文选题：风景园林学　切入点：棕地　出处：《清华大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：棕地对人体健康与生态环境所造成的严重危害已成为全球人居环境建设中的热点问题。中国前所未有的城镇化进程对土地的需求量巨大，城市急剧扩张，新区大量建设，同时，生态红线与永久基本农田的划定在不断推进，部分大城市发展边界即将确定，这些都使大量严重污染的棕地面临巨大再生压力的挑战。开放空间是众多棕地再生项目的目标用途，风景园林学以其对物质空间、生态系统和社会人文三个方面的涵盖，，作为连接多专业知识的桥梁，在棕地再生实践的复杂过程中发挥着重要的作用。然而，风景园林学领域内还缺乏对于棕地再生的系统性理论研究，中国的棕地再生实践更是迫切需要相关理论的指导。本研究通过大量的文献阅读、实地调研、采访座谈、案例分析和中外比较，运用跨学科的综合融贯方法，挖掘当前棕地再生实践中的问题及症结所在，从风景园林学的角度探索解决之道，意图从深化认知与指导实践两个方面提供有价值的研究成果。论文以棕地为研究对象，并尝试给出定义，继而剖析棕地再生的特殊性，归纳出其基本项目特征。研究认为当前棕地再生实践中污染治理与空间设计相割裂，缺乏从风景园林学角度针对棕地空间形态的理论体系与方法平台。论文从棕地本体出发，首次提出“棕色土方”为棕地的本体核心要素，对场地污染进行了空间诠释，并从地形、水体、植被三个方面构建了以“棕色土方”为基础的棕地再生风景园林学途径框架。基于“棕色土方”概念，针对当代城市建设中的现实问题，研究将棕地划分为工业与基础设施闲置地、采矿业废弃地和垃圾填埋场三大类，分别论述其棕色土方构成及场地特征，提出隔离与修复两种“棕色土方”原场治理方式及若干备选治理策略，给出具体的风景园林系统构建途径，并以此为视角对多个国内外成功范例进行分析解读。论文进而针对中国特色城镇化背景下的棕地再生，回顾其发展历程，剖析其动因与困境，依据“棕色土方”治理过程与原场地的关系，提出“原场策略——五步推进法”与“异地策略——全周期治理法”，为解决中国的棕地再生挑战提供了理论方法与实践应用的平台，为系统性的体系建设奠定了基础。研究以北京市北神树卫生填埋场封场再生的实际需求为契机，将原场策略五步推进法在现实的挑战之中进行应用与检验。具体实践需要整体认知观念的指导，论文最后运用人居环境科学的理论框架，提出棕地再生在五大层次下的行动战略和人居“五观”下的再生原则，强调多学科融贯研究的重要性，从认识论的角度为中国的棕地再生建立坐标。
[Abstract]:The serious harm caused by brown land to human health and ecological environment has become a hot issue in the construction of global human settlement environment. The demarcation of the ecological red line and the permanent basic farmland is constantly advancing, and the development boundary of some major cities will soon be determined. Open space is the target of many brownfield regeneration projects, and landscape architecture covers three aspects: physical space, ecosystem, and social and humanities. As a bridge of multi-professional knowledge, it plays an important role in the complex process of brown land regeneration. However, there is a lack of systematic theoretical research on brown regeneration in the field of landscape architecture. The practice of brown land regeneration in China is in urgent need of guidance from relevant theories. Through a large number of literature reading, field research, interviews, case analysis and comparison between China and foreign countries, this study uses interdisciplinary comprehensive integration method to dig out the problems and sticking points in the current practice of brown land regeneration. The purpose of this paper is to provide valuable research results from two aspects of deepening cognition and guiding practice from the angle of landscape architecture. This paper takes brown land as the research object and tries to give the definition, and then analyzes the particularity of brown land regeneration. It is concluded that the pollution control is separated from space design in the practice of brown land regeneration, and there is no theoretical system and method platform from the view of landscape architecture for the form of brown land space. It is the first time that "brown earthwork" is the core element of brown soil, which is the space interpretation of site pollution, and from the terrain, water body, Based on the concept of "brown earth square", this paper constructs the framework of brown earth reclamation landscape architecture based on the "brown earth movement", and aims at the practical problems in the contemporary urban construction. The brown land is divided into three categories: industrial and infrastructure idle land, mining waste land and landfills, and the brown earth structure and site characteristics are discussed respectively. This paper puts forward two kinds of "brown earth cubes" original field treatment mode and some alternative management strategies, and gives the concrete way to construct the landscape architecture system, and from this angle of view, analyzes and interprets many successful examples at home and abroad. Aiming at the regeneration of brown land under the background of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, the paper reviews its development course, analyzes its causes and difficulties, and according to the relationship between the governance process of "brown earth" and the original site, This paper puts forward "original field strategy-five-step advance method" and "different land strategy-whole period management method", which provides a platform for theoretical method and practical application to solve the challenge of brown land regeneration in China. It lays the foundation for the systematic system construction. The research takes the actual demand of regeneration in the Beijing Shibei Shensu Sanitary Landfill as a turning point. The five-step advance method of the original field strategy is applied and tested in the realistic challenge. The concrete practice needs the guidance of the whole cognition idea. Finally, the paper uses the theory frame of the human settlement environment science. This paper puts forward the action strategy of brown land regeneration at five levels and the principle of regeneration under the "five views" of human settlements, emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary research on integration, and establishes the coordinates for the regeneration of brown land in China from the perspective of epistemology.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986

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