基于生态园林城市建设的桂林绿地植物景观特色分析

发布时间：2018-04-02 08:51

本文选题：生态园林城市　切入点：城市绿地　出处：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,国内的城市景观建设受到全球化的冲击,景观雷同的现象越来越明显,成为阻碍各个地区、城市景观地域特色表达及文化传承的最大原因。桂林作为著名的历史文化名城,对其城市景观面貌提出了更高的要求。在创建国家生态园林城市这个发展阶段过程中,桂林的城市景观建设能否很好的传承和保护其特有的历史地域文化,塑造其城市特色是值得重视的问题。园林植物作为构成园林景观最重要的要素,探讨桂林的乡土植物景观地域特色对于实现其地域景观的营造具有重要的意义。论文通过文献资料收集、实地调查,分析对桂林城市绿地植物景观中的园林植物种类构成、本地植物指数、应用频度、季相研究、植物文化、群落景观特征等方面,并从地理环境、气候条件、乡土植物和地域文化四个方面探讨桂林地域性植物景观的形成机制。在此基础上通过专家评分的方式对桂林生态园林植物景观特征从景观特色、施工工艺、养护管理、材料应用等要素进行客观评价分析,并结合城市地域性分析桂林的生态园林城市景观特色,最后提出优化建议。分析发现,在创建国家生态园林城市的过程中,桂林的绿地植物景观特色营造是成功的,通过地带性植物群落景观的保护和营造,实现城市绿地的生态效益与景观功能,形成桂林独特的城市自然和人文景观。 (1)城市自然山水生态绿地格局奠定了其在建设生态园林城市的过程中,其园林植物造景应当以自然式植物配置为主,以乡土植物为基调,体现桂林青山秀水的秀美格调,展现地方特色。 (2)桂林城市人均公园绿地面积11.44m2/人,绿地率37.54%,绿化覆盖率41.68%,除绿化覆盖率未达到其标准的43%,其他各项绿地生态环境定量化指标均能达到国家生态园林城市标准。 (3)桂林园林植物资源丰富,绿地常用园林植物429种,103科223属。其中公园绿地常用园林植物395种,居住区绿地常用园林植物170种,道路绿地常用园林植物97种。乔木198种,灌木113种,藤本植物25种,竹类14种,草本植物79种。乔、灌、藤的常绿与落叶种类比例为1.76：1,常绿树种与落叶树种比例为1.48：1,在保证四季常绿的前提下同样也能够有较为明显的季相变化。 (4)桂林城市绿地的本地植物指数0.80,达到国家生态园林城市标准。绿地园林植物种类应用丰富多样,以本地乡土植物为主,结合部分观赏性状良好的外来品种,在体现一定城市地域特色的情况下,也能够增加一定的异域风情。 (5)通过对绿地植物群落景观的现状分析,发现桂林城市绿地植物群落设计精致,物种丰富,层次分明协调,季相变化丰富,古树名木景观众多。近年来,桂林的绿地植物景观以三层植物群落为主,并向多层植物群落发展,针对不同的绿地功能合理设计,实现生态效益与景观功能并重。总的来说,基本实现了保护和营造地带性植物景观群落,挖掘地方文化,形成桂林地方独特的自然、人文兼具的城市景观,体现了国家生态园林城市的生态文化内涵。 (6)结合相关标准对桂林生态园林植物景观从植物材料应用、景观特色、施工工艺、养护管理四个方面现状水平进行评分。评价结果为9.6分,各分项指标均达到9分以上。最高分景观特色的评分为9.8分,最低分为施工工艺,9.4分,其余两项均为9.6分。可见桂林的城市的植物造景的整体景观效果很好,园林植物种类丰富,地域乡土景观特色突出,达到国家生态园林城市要求。 (7)在创建国家生态园林城市过程中,桂林绿地植物景观特色主要体现在以下几个方面：①师法自然,塑造山水文化特色；②烘云托月,增加史迹人文韵味；③巧妙搭配,季相变化丰富；④适地适树,艺术性与科学性并重；⑤生态节约,提升立体空间绿化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the domestic city landscape construction by the impact of globalization, the landscape similar phenomenon is more and more obvious, become an obstacle to the various regions, the biggest reason city regional characteristic landscape expression and cultural heritage of the Guilin. As a famous historical and cultural city, put forward higher requirements to the city landscape. In the creation of a national ecological garden city this stage of development in the process of city landscape construction in Guilin could well protect and inherit its unique historical and geographical culture, shaping the city characteristic is worthy of attention. As the elements of garden plant landscape is the most important, to explore the regional characteristics of native plant landscape in Guilin is of great significance for the realization of the regional landscape construction.
This paper through the literature collection, field investigation, analysis of the construction of city landscape greening plants in Guilin garden plant species, native plant index, application frequency, seasonal research, plant culture, community landscape features, and from the geographical environment, climatic conditions, four aspects of native plants and regional culture on formation mechanism of regional landscape plants of the Guilin. On the basis of expert scoring method of the Guilin ecological garden plant landscape features from the landscape features, construction technology, maintenance management, objective evaluation of materials and other factors, combined with the analysis of the regional city of Guilin ecological garden city landscape features, and finally put forward the optimization suggestion.
The analysis found that in the process of creating a national ecological garden city in the Guilin of the green plant landscape characteristics is successful, through the protection of landscape zonal plant communities and create, to achieve ecological and landscape functions of city green space, the formation of Guilin city's unique natural and cultural landscape.
(1) urban natural landscape ecological green space pattern has laid a solid foundation for the construction of ecological garden city. Its garden plant landscaping should be mainly based on natural plant configuration, with local plants as the keynote, reflecting the beautiful style of Guilin Qingshan Xiushui and displaying local characteristics.
(2) the average per capita green area in Guilin is 11.44m2/, the rate of green space is 37.54%, and the rate of green coverage is 41.68%. In addition to the green coverage rate of 43% of the standard, the other quantitative indicators of green space ecological environment can meet the national standard of ecological garden city.
(3) Guilin landscape plants rich in resources, common garden plants in green 429 species, 103 families and 223 genera. Among the 395 kinds of common garden plants in park green space, residential green space of 170 kinds of common garden plants, road greenbelt 97 common garden plant species. 198 species of trees, 113 species of shrubs, vines and 25 species, 14 species of bamboo 79 kinds of herbs, Joe, shrub, evergreen and deciduous vine species ratio is 1.76:1, the proportion of evergreen and deciduous tree of 1.48:1, in the premise of evergreen also can also have obvious seasonal changes.
(4) Guilin city green native plant index 0.80, reached the national standard. The green ecological garden city garden plant species diversity in the application, the local native plants, with some ornamental exotic good traits, reflected in the geographical characteristics of certain city circumstances, can also add some exotic.
(5) on the status of plant community landscape analysis, it was found that the city greenbelt plants in Guilin and delicate design, rich in species, distinct coordination, rich seasonal change, old trees landscape many. In recent years, Guilin landscape plants with three layers of plant community as the main, and the development of plant communities in different layers, the Green function and reasonable design, to achieve both ecological benefit and landscape function. In general, the basic realization of the protection and construction of zonal plant community landscape, excavate local culture, forming Guilin local unique natural, humanities landscape of the city, embodies the national ecological garden city ecological culture connotation.
(6) combined with the relevant standard of landscape ecological garden plants in Guilin from plant material application, landscape features, construction technology, scoring four aspects of status maintenance management level. The evaluation results of 9.6 points, each index reached 9 points or more. The highest landscape features of the score is 9.8 points, the lowest score for construction technology. 9.4, the remaining two are 9.6 points. The Guilin Visible City plant landscape garden landscape effect is very good, rich in plant species, regional landscape features, to reach the national ecological garden city.
(7) in the process of creating a national ecological garden city, Guilin green plant landscape characteristics are mainly embodied in the following aspects: the nature, shaping the cultural landscape features; the increase of historic humanistic charm; paint clouds to set off the moon, the clever collocation, rich seasonal change; tree adaptation to art and science and ecology; saving, enhance the vertical greening.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU985.12

【参考文献】