基于宋《营造法式》大木作制度的宋代楼阁复原设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 09:05

本文选题：营造法式　切入点：宋代木楼阁式建筑　出处：《清华大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国在宋辽金时期呈现了南北分裂的政治局面，但富庶的江南地区在提高经济发展的同时，建筑也呈现欣欣向荣的态势，北部地区也通过吸收南方汉族地区先进的文化和技术，紧跟步伐。开放的街坊制城市格局、多样的建筑类型、不断发展的建筑技术和地域性的建筑风貌使宋代城市与建筑成为古代建筑史上重要的一个转折点。各朝各代的大型楼阁式建筑成为文人墨客颂扬与描绘的主要对象。然而，现存的著名楼阁为后人仿建或者依照其他朝代的形制，与原建筑大为不同。在我国建筑历史研究领域内，关于宋代木楼阁式建筑的整体脉络和相关联的尺寸逻辑、用材用尺等的研究尚没有形成一个完整的清晰的系统，往往是将其与明清楼阁建筑进行纵向比较，而将宋代木楼阁建筑作为一个单独的建筑门类进行横向比较，探寻其内在的逻辑与联系的研究是缺乏的。笔者将宋代木楼阁建筑作为研究对象，以实例调研、文献研究、资料整理与归纳分析等方式，研究木构楼阁建筑的构造做法，尤其是以大木作为主要研究对象，探究其内在的逻辑与联系，以此作为笔者山东齐河中华奇观园宋式楼阁建筑复原设计的基础。虽然我国现存的宋辽金三代木楼阁式建筑实例少，但由于我国建筑历史研究领域与本课题类似方向的研究十分丰富，为本研究奠定了深厚的文献基础。笔者将基于对宋《营造法式》大木作制度的研究，拓展实例调研对象的年限，分析天津蓟县独乐寺观音阁、河北正定县隆兴寺转轮藏殿和慈氏阁等木楼阁式建筑，查阅宋代建筑的营造法式、描绘宋式木楼阁建筑的画作、宋辽金建筑营造和地域文化与环境对建筑影响的相关文献资料，以前人的研究成果为先导，通过对比、归纳和梳理的方式探究宋代木楼阁式建筑在用尺和用材方面可能存在的内在逻辑，归纳宋时匠人遵循的营造规律。同时，笔者以理论研究为基础，借鉴前人复原仿古的设计经验，，遵循宋式木楼阁建筑营造的模数制度和用尺用材方式，进行山东齐河中华奇观园宋式楼阁建筑的复原设计，加深对我国瑰丽独特的传统木构建筑与源远流长的建筑文化认知与感悟。
[Abstract]:During the Song, Liao and Jin dynasties, China presented a divided political situation between the north and the south. However, while the rich southern region of the Yangtze River improved its economic development, the architecture also showed a thriving trend. The northern region also absorbed the advanced culture and technology of the Han nationality region in the south.Keep pace.The city and architecture of the Song Dynasty became an important turning point in the history of ancient architecture because of the open neighborhood city pattern, various architectural types, continuous development of architectural technology and regional architectural style.The large-scale pavilions of various dynasties became the main objects of praise and depiction by the literati.However, the existing famous pavilions are imitated or built according to the shape of other dynasties, which are quite different from the original buildings.In the field of architectural history research in China, the research on the whole context and the related dimension logic of the wooden pavilions in the Song Dynasty has not yet formed a complete and clear system.It is often compared vertically with the buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties, but it is lacking to compare the wooden buildings of the Song Dynasty as a separate architectural category, and to explore its internal logic and connection.The author takes the wooden pavilions in Song Dynasty as the research object, and studies the construction methods of the wooden pavilions, especially the large wood buildings, by means of case study, literature study, data arrangement and induction analysis, etc.To explore its internal logic and connection, as the author of Shandong Qihe Chinese Wonder Garden Song style architectural restoration design foundation.Although there are few examples of wooden pavilions in the three generations of Song, Liao and Jin dynasties in our country, the research on architectural history in our country is very rich in the same direction as this subject, which has laid a solid foundation for this study.Based on the study of the Song Dynasty "creating French style" big wood cropping system, the author will expand the years of the investigation object, and analyze the wooden pavilions such as Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple in Jixian County, Hebei Province, Longxing Temple Runwheel Tibetan Hall and Cishi Pavilion in Zhengding County, Hebei Province.Referring to the building style of the Song Dynasty, depicting the paintings of the Song style wooden pavilions, and the relevant literature about the architectural construction of the Song, Liao and Jin dynasties and the influence of the regional culture and the environment on the architecture, the previous research results are the forerunner and through comparison,The way of induction and combing is to probe into the internal logic of the wooden pavilions in the Song Dynasty in the aspects of using the ruler and the material, and to sum up the rules of construction followed by the craftsmen in the Song Dynasty.At the same time, on the basis of theoretical research, the author draws lessons from the previous design experience of restoring ancient buildings, following the modular system of Song style wooden pavilions and the way of using materials with ruler, to carry out the restoration design of Song style pavilions of Qihe Chinese Wonder Garden in Shandong Province.Deepen our country's magnificent and unique traditional wooden architecture and a long history of architectural culture cognition and understanding.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU-87

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