牡丹及牡丹文化在中国传统园林中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 11:43

本文选题：牡丹 + 传统园林　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：牡丹（Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.），是我国十大传统名花之一，也是中国园林中独具特色的花卉。牡丹艳压群芳、色泽艳丽、雍容华贵、富丽堂皇，自古以来就被奉为庭院珍品。本文通过查阅文献与实地调查相结合的方法，大量搜集牡丹在中国传统园林应用的相关资料，以牡丹的历史文化发展及具体表现形式为线索，全面探讨牡丹在传统园林景观中蕴含的文化及价值，进而对牡丹在皇家园林、寺庙园林和私家园林中的应用做出具体的阐述和探讨，从而突出研究主题。本文主要通过以下方面，逐层论述全文的内容。其一，对我国牡丹的起源及发展进程作简要介绍，具体说明我国牡丹的栽培史和牡丹在各个朝代的发展情况。其二，本文还间接分析出牡丹在传统园林景观中的设计运用与文化价值，指出牡丹在我国园林造景中的应用形式。其三，从整个历史来看，牡丹的文学艺术表现形式多种多样，与园林文化相结合，具备很高的文化价值和艺术价值。最后，对牡丹在皇家园林、寺庙园林和私家园林中的实例应用进行分析，更加真实生动地说明牡丹在我国传统园林应用的形式以及表现。具体结论如下： 1.自古以来，我国人民就有观赏牡丹和栽植牡丹的爱好。牡丹的栽培史以及发展史都十分悠久。由于牡丹的栽培历史与现状、牡丹的生态习性、牡丹的文化特色以及深厚的民俗文化根基，使得帝王将其应用于皇家园林、僧侣应将其用于寺庙园林、平民百姓将其应用于各私家园林中的景观、室内雕饰、绘画作品以及各种服饰搭配之中。 2.牡丹在隋唐、宋元和明清时期中的栽培与应用说明，在我国历代的园林景观中，象征着“繁荣昌盛”的牡丹一直深受我国人们的热捧。 3.牡丹在中国传统园林中的应用形式有专类园、花境、花台、群植、对植、孤植、列植等形式。随着牡丹花型品种的丰富，以及造园手法日渐成熟，牡丹的应用也愈发注重利用地形、建筑、山石等造景元素将其更完美地融入自然。 4.对于古牡丹与牡丹珍品的调研，明确了古牡丹在各地栽植的现状。 5.牡丹的诗词歌赋、插花艺术、绘画、雕刻装饰、图案装饰以及纹样设计等均反映出牡丹在园林生活中的应用和影响。在对西安兴庆宫沉香亭牡丹园、西安大明宫玄武门遗址牡丹园、西安大慈恩寺、太原双塔寺、江苏扬州何园和苏州拙政园中的牡丹进行实地调查和走访后，，发现在以下几方面还有待研究： 1.文献中关于牡丹在皇家园林中应用品种的资料还不太完整； 2.关于牡丹在私家园林中与各园林要素结合的相关文字还需进一步收集与完善； 3.各传统园林中关于牡丹品种以及株龄的标识牌较少，使品种调查统计不够完善； 4.当今园林管理者对古牡丹以及牡丹珍品的保护力度不够，存在游人摘花的情况； 5.各地对传统园林中古建筑的牡丹雕饰以及绘画均有所破坏，需加强对园林建筑和景观的保护力度。
[Abstract]:Peony ( peony ) is one of the ten traditional famous flowers in China , and it is a unique flower in Chinese garden .

This paper briefly introduces the origin and development process of peony in China , and gives a brief introduction to the history of peony in China and the development of peony in each dynasty .

1 . Since ancient times , our people have a long history of watching peony and planting peony . The cultivation history and development history of peony are very long . Because of the cultivation history and present situation of peony , the ecological habits of peony , the cultural characteristics of peony and the deep folk culture foundation , the emperor applies it to the garden of the royal temple , and the monks should use them in the temple garden , and the ordinary people will apply them to the landscape , indoor carving , painting works and various kinds of clothing collocation among the private gardens .

2 . The cultivation and application of peony in Sui and Tang , Song and Yuan Dynasties and Ming and Qing Dynasties indicated that the peony which symbolizes " prosperity and prosperity " has been popular among the people in our country .

3 . The application form of peony in Chinese traditional gardens has the form of special garden , flower border , flower bed , group planting , planting , lone planting , planting , etc . As the peony flower type variety is rich , and the gardening technique is gradually mature , the application of peony is more and more focused on the use of landscape elements such as terrain , architecture , mountain stone and the like to better integrate them into the nature .

4 . For the investigation of ancient peony and peony , the present situation of ancient peony planting in various places is clarified .

5 . The poems and songs of peony , flower art , painting , carving decoration , pattern decoration and pattern design reflect the application and influence of peony in garden life .

After the field investigation and follow - up visit to peony park , Xi ' an Da Cixi Temple , Taiyuan Shuangta Temple , Jiangsu Yangzhou Ho Park and Suzhou bungalow in Xi ' an Xingqing Palace , the following aspects are found to be studied :

1 . The information about the variety of peony in royal garden is not too complete in the literature .

2 . The relevant characters of peony in private gardens and garden elements need to be further collected and improved ;

3 . The identification numbers of peony varieties and plant age in traditional gardens are few , so that the investigation and statistics of varieties are not perfect ;

4 . The protection of ancient peony and peony treasure is not enough nowadays .

5 . All localities have destroyed the peony carving and painting of ancient buildings in traditional gardens , and the protection of landscape architecture and landscape needs to be strengthened .

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986

【参考文献】