长期服役电梯安全评价技术及方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 08:35

本文选题：长期服役 + 电梯　；参考：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：电梯安全问题已经成为当前社会关注的热点问题。长期服役电梯使用年限长，零部件老化、磨损情况严重，，各类故障、困人甚至人员伤亡事故时常发生，给人们的生命财产安全带来了巨大威胁，造成了恶劣的社会影响。因此，开展长期服役电梯安全评价技术及方法的研究具有十分重要的工程价值与社会意义。本文的研究内容主要包括以下几个方面：（1）长期服役电梯安全评价指标体系研究。通过电梯故障统计与故障原因分析，归纳电梯可能的危险状态，并将危险状态与各部件对应，形成以部件危险状态为特征的安全评价指标体系。进行整机运行性能研究，将振动加速度、起制动加速度、平均加速度、运行速度作为整机运行性能参数指标。在指标体系建立的基础上，结合实践，研究指标分级原则与方法。（2）长期服役电梯安全评价现场检测技术研究。研究长期服役电梯部件安全评价指标危险状态的识别及获取方法以及整机运行性能评价指标的测试方案。在此基础上，制定用于长期服役电梯安全评价现场检测与信息记录的安全检查表。（3）长期服役电梯安全评价方法研究。建立风险要素评估表与风险等级表，根据部件安全评价指标所描述的不同危险状态，综合应用PHA与FMEA方法研究得出各指标在不同状态下的风险等级。研究整机运行性能参数与部件及子系统状态的关系，综合考虑部件指标完备情况，提出基于整机性能参数修正的变指数线性综合风险集成方法，并据此建立长期服役电梯安全评价数学模型。（4）长期服役电梯部件及整机判废方法研究。在实现安全评价的基础上，建立长期服役电梯部件及整机判废的风险准则及逻辑准则，二者综合实现部件及整机判废。（5）长期服役电梯安全评价程序编制。根据长期服役电梯安全评价方法模型，采用Microsoft C#语言编制安全评价程序，程序包括安全评价因素管理、风险计算、结果处理等功能，能快速准确得出风险结果，提高安全评价作业效率。（6）长期服役电梯安全评价技术及方法工程应用及实例分析。基于本文中的评价技术及方法，开展工程应用研究，并选取一台长期服役电梯进行了具体的实例分析。结果表明：上述长期服役电梯安全评价技术及方法可操作性强、评价结果直观有效。
[Abstract]:Elevator safety has become a hot issue of social concern. The long service life of elevator, the aging of parts and components, the serious wear and tear, all kinds of malfunctions, trapped people and even casualties often occur, which brings great threat to the safety of people's life and property, and causes a bad social impact. Therefore, it is of great engineering value and social significance to study the safety evaluation techniques and methods of elevator in long service. The research content of this paper mainly includes the following aspects: 1) study on the evaluation index system of elevator safety in long service. Through fault statistics and fault cause analysis of elevator, the possible dangerous state of elevator is summed up, and the dangerous state is corresponding with each component to form a safety evaluation index system characterized by dangerous state of parts. The performance of the whole machine is studied. The vibration acceleration, the braking acceleration, the average acceleration and the running speed are taken as the performance parameters of the whole machine. Based on the establishment of index system and practice, the principle and method of index classification are studied. 2) Research on field detection technology of elevator safety evaluation in long service. This paper studies the identification and acquisition method of hazard state of safety evaluation index of elevator components in long service and the test scheme of evaluation index of running performance of the whole machine. On this basis, the safety check form for long service elevator safety evaluation field detection and information record is made. Research on the safety evaluation method of long-term service elevator. The risk factor assessment table and risk grade table are established. According to the different risk states described by the component safety evaluation index, the risk grades of each index under different conditions are obtained by using PHA and FMEA methods. This paper studies the relationship between the performance parameters of the whole machine and the state of the components and subsystems. Considering the completeness of the component indexes, a variable exponential linear integrated risk integration method based on the modification of the performance parameters of the whole machine is proposed. Based on this, a mathematical model of elevator safety evaluation for long service is established. 4) study on long-term service elevator parts and the method of scrapping the whole machine. On the basis of realizing safety evaluation, the risk criterion and logic criterion of long service elevator parts and whole machine are established. 5) long-service elevator safety evaluation program. According to the safety evaluation method model of long-term service elevator, the safety evaluation program is compiled by Microsoft C # language. The program includes safety evaluation factor management, risk calculation, result processing and so on, which can get the risk result quickly and accurately. Improve the efficiency of safety evaluation. Long-service elevator safety evaluation technology and method engineering application and case analysis. Based on the evaluation technology and method in this paper, the engineering application research is carried out, and a concrete example is given to analyze a long service elevator. The results show that the techniques and methods mentioned above are operable, and the evaluation results are intuitionistic and effective.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU857

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